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documentation/adt-manual/adt-prepare.xml: Initial draft of preparation chapter 

This commit is the initial draft of the preparation chapter (chapter 2).

(From OE-Core rev: c32b215eb37828cd31c0c9ba288c2216fcd034de)

Signed-off-by: Scott Rifenbark <scott.m.rifenbark@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Purdie <richard.purdie@linuxfoundation.org>
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Scott Rifenbark 2011-03-14 17:47:21 -06:00 committed by Richard Purdie
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<chapter id='adt-prepare'>
<title>Yocto Project Kernel Architecture and Use Manual</title>
<title>Preparing to Use the Application Development Toolkit (ADT)</title>
<section id='prepare'>
<title>Introduction</title>
<para>
In order to use the ADT it must be installed, the environment setup script must be
sourced, and the kernel and filesystem image specific to the target architecture must exist.
This section describes how to install the ADT, set up the environment, and provides
some reference information on kernels and filesystem images.
</para>
<section id='installing-the-adt'>
<title>Installing the ADT</title>
<para>
The Yocto Project presents the kernel as a fully patched, history-clean git
repository.
The git tree represents the selected features, board support,
and configurations extensively tested by Yocto Project.
The Yocto Project kernel allows the end user to leverage community
best practices to seamlessly manage the development, build and debug cycles.
You can install the ADT three ways.
However, we recommend configuring and running the ADT Installer script.
Running this script automates much of the process for you.
For example, the script allows you to install the QEMU emulator and
user-space NFS, define which root filesystem profiles to download,
and allows you to define the target sysroot location.
</para>
<para>
This manual describes the Yocto Project kernel by providing information
on its history, organization, benefits, and use.
The manual consists of two sections:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>Concepts - Describes concepts behind the kernel.
You will understand how the kernel is organized and why it is organized in
the way it is. You will understand the benefits of the kernel's organization
and the mechanisms used to work with the kernel and how to apply it in your
design process.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Using the Kernel - Describes best practices and "how-to" information
that lets you put the kernel to practical use. Some examples are "How to Build a
Project Specific Tree", "How to Examine Changes in a Branch", and "Saving Kernel
Modifications."</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>
For more information on the kernel, see the following links:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para><ulink url='http://ldn.linuxfoundation.org/book/1-a-guide-kernel-development-process'></ulink></para></listitem>
<listitem><para><ulink url='http://userweb.kernel.org/~akpm/stuff/tpp.txt'></ulink></para></listitem>
<listitem><para><ulink url='http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=blob_plain;f=Documentation/HOWTO;hb=HEAD'></ulink></para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
You can find more information on Yocto Project by visiting the website at
<ulink url='http://www.yoctoproject.org'></ulink>.
<section id='configuring-and-running-the-adt-installer'>
<title>Configuring and Running the ADT Installer</title>
<para>
The ADT Installer is contained in a tarball that can be built using
<filename>bitbake adt-installer</filename>.
Yocto Project has a pre-built ADT Installer tarball that you can download
from <filename>tmp/deploy/sdk</filename> located in the build directory.
</para>
<note>
You can install and run the ADT Installer tarball in any directory you want.
</note>
<para>
Before running the ADT Installer you need to configure it by editing
the <filename>adt-installer.conf</filename> file, which is located in the
directory where the ADT Installer tarball was installed.
Your configurations determine which kernel and filesystem image are downloaded.
The following list describes the variables you can define for the ADT Installer.
For configuration values and restrictions see the comments in
the <filename>adt-installer.conf</filename> file:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_IPKG_REPO</filename> – This area
includes the IPKG-based packages and the root filesystem upon which
the installation is based.
If you want to set up your own IPKG repository pointed to by
<filename>YOCTOADT_IPKG_REPO</filename>, you need to be sure that the
directory structure follows the same layout as the reference directory
set up at <ulink url='http://adtrepo.yoctoproject.org'></ulink>.
Also, your repository needs to be accessible through HTTP.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT-TARGETS</filename> – The machine
target architectures for which you want to set up cross-development
environments.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_QEMU</filename> – Indicates whether
or not to install the emulator QEMU.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_NFS_UTIL</filename> – Indicates whether
or not to install user-mode NFS.
If you plan to use the Yocto Eclipse IDE plug-in against QEMU,
you should install NFS.
<note>
To boot QEMU images using our userspace NFS server, you need
to be running portmap or rpcbind.
If you are running rpcbind, you will also need to add the -i
option when rpcbind starts up.
Please make sure you understand the security implications of doing this.
Your firewall settings may also have to be modified to allow
NFS booting to work.
</note>
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_ROOTFS_&lt;arch&gt;</filename> - The root
filesystem images you want to download.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_TARGET_SYSROOT_IMAGE_&lt;arch&gt;</filename> - The
root filesystem used to extract and create the target sysroot.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_TARGET_SYSROOT_LOC_&lt;arch&gt;</filename> - The
location of the target sysroot that will be set up on the development machine.
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>
After you have configured the <filename>adt-installer.conf</filename> file,
run the installer using the following command:
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
$ adt_installer
</literallayout>
</para>
<para>
Once the installer begins to run you are asked whether you want to run in
interactive or silent mode.
If you want to closely monitor the installation then choose “I” for interactive
mode rather than “S” for silent mode.
Follow the prompts from the script to complete the installation.
</para>
<para>
Once the installation completes, the cross-toolchain is installed in
<filename>/opt/poky/$SDKVERSION</filename>.
</para>
<para>
Before using the ADT you need to run the environment setup script for
your target architecture also located in <filename>/opt/poky/$SDKVERSION</filename>.
See the <xref linkend='setting-up-the-environment'>“Setting Up the Environment”</xref>
section for information.
</para>
</section>
<section id='using-an-existing-toolchain-tarball'>
<title>Using an Existing Toolchain Tarball</title>
<para>
If you don’t want to use the ADT Installer you can install the toolchain
and the sysroot by hand.
Follow these steps:
<orderedlist>
<listitem><para>Locate and download the architecture-specific toolchain
tarball from <ulink url='http://autobuilder.yoctoproject.org/downloads/yocto-0.9'></ulink>.
Look in the ‘toolchain’ folder and then open up the folder that matches your
host development system (i.e. 'i586' for 32-bit machines or 'x86_64'
for 64-bit machines).
Then, select the toolchain tarball whose name includes the appropriate
target architecture.
<note>
If you need to build the toolchain tarball use the
<filename>bitbake meta-toolchain</filename> command after you have
sourced the poky-build-init script.
The tarball will be located in the build directory at
<filename>tmp/deploy/sdk</filename> after the build.
</note>
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Make sure you are in the root directory and then expand
the tarball.
The tarball expands into the <filename>/opt/poky/$SDKVERSION</filename> directory.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Set up the environment by sourcing the environment set up
script.
See the <xref linkend='setting-up-the-environment'>“Setting Up the Environment”</xref>
for information.
</para></listitem>
</orderedlist>
</para>
</section>
<section id='using-the-toolchain-from-within-the-build-tree'>
<title>Using the Toolchain from Within the Build Tree</title>
<para>
A final way of accessing the toolchain is from the build tree.
The build tree can be set up to contain the architecture-specific cross toolchain.
To populate the build tree with the toolchain you need to run the following command:
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
$ bitbake meta-ide-support
</literallayout>
</para>
<para>
Before running the command you need to be sure that the
<filename>conf/local.conf</filename> file in the build directory has
the desired architecture specified for the <filename>MACHINE</filename>
variable.
See the <filename>local.conf</filename> file for a list of values you
can supply for this variable.
You can populate the build tree with the cross-toolchains for more
than a single architecture.
You just need to edit the <filename>local.conf</filename> file and re-run
the BitBake command.
</para>
<para>
Once the build tree has the toolchain you need to source the environment
setup script so that you can run the cross-tools without having to locate them.
See the <xref linkend='setting-up-the-environment'>“Setting Up the Environment”</xref>
for information.
</para>
</section>
</section>
<section id='setting-up-the-environment'>
<title>Setting Up the Environment</title>
<para>
Before you can use the cross-toolchain you need to set up the environment by
sourcing the environment setup script.
If you used adt_installer or used an existing ADT tarball to install the ADT,
then you can find this script in the <filename>/opt/poky/$SDKVERSION</filename>
directory.
If you are using the ADT from a Poky build tree, then look in the build
directory in <filename>tmp</filename> for the setup script.
</para>
<para>
Be sure to run the environment setup script that matches the architecture for
which you are developing.
Environment setup scripts begin with the string “environment-setup” and include as
part of their name the architecture.
For example, the environment setup script for a 64-bit IA-based architecture would
be the following:
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
/opt/poky/environment-setup-x86_64-poky-linux
</literallayout>
</para>
</section>
<section id='kernels-and-filesystem-images'>
<title>Kernels and Filesystem Images</title>
<para>
You will need to have a kernel and filesystem image to boot using your
hardware or the QEMU emulator.
That means you either have to build them or know where to get them.
You can find lots of details on how to get or build images and kernels for your
architecture in the "Yocto Project Quick Start" found at
<ulink url='http://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/yocto-quick-start/yocto-project-qs.html'></ulink>.
<note>
Yocto Project provides basic kernels and filesystem images for several
architectures (x86, x86-64, mips, powerpc, and arm) that can be used
unaltered in the QEMU emulator.
These kernels and filesystem images reside in the Yocto Project release
area - <ulink url='http://autobuilder.yoctoproject.org/downloads/yocto-0.9/'></ulink>
and are ideal for experimentation within Yocto Project.
</note>
</para>
</section>
</chapter>
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