1718 lines
85 KiB
XML
1718 lines
85 KiB
XML
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
|
|
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"
|
|
[<!ENTITY % poky SYSTEM "../poky.ent"> %poky; ] >
|
|
|
|
<chapter id='usingpoky'>
|
|
<title>Using the Yocto Project</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This chapter describes common usage for the Yocto Project.
|
|
The information is introductory in nature as other manuals in the Yocto Project
|
|
documentation set provide more details on how to use the Yocto Project.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-build'>
|
|
<title>Running a Build</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This section provides a summary of the build process and provides information
|
|
for less obvious aspects of the build process.
|
|
For general information on how to build an image using the OpenEmbedded build
|
|
system, see the
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_QS_URL;#qs-building-images'>Building Images</ulink>"
|
|
section of the Yocto Project Quick Start.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section id='build-overview'>
|
|
<title>Build Overview</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
In the development environment you will need to build an image whenever you change hardware
|
|
support, add or change system libraries, or add or change services that have dependencies.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<mediaobject>
|
|
<imageobject>
|
|
<imagedata fileref="figures/building-an-image.png" format="PNG" align='center' scalefit='1'/>
|
|
</imageobject>
|
|
<caption>
|
|
<para>Building an Image</para>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</mediaobject>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The first thing you need to do is set up the OpenEmbedded build
|
|
environment by sourcing an environment setup script
|
|
(i.e.
|
|
<link linkend='structure-core-script'><filename>&OE_INIT_FILE;</filename></link>
|
|
or
|
|
<link linkend='structure-memres-core-script'><filename>oe-init-build-env-memres</filename></link>).
|
|
Here is an example:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ source &OE_INIT_FILE; [<replaceable>build_dir</replaceable>]
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <replaceable>build_dir</replaceable> argument is optional and specifies the directory the
|
|
OpenEmbedded build system uses for the build -
|
|
the <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>.
|
|
If you do not specify a Build Directory, it defaults to a directory
|
|
named <filename>build</filename> in your current working directory.
|
|
A common practice is to use a different Build Directory for different targets.
|
|
For example, <filename>~/build/x86</filename> for a <filename>qemux86</filename>
|
|
target, and <filename>~/build/arm</filename> for a <filename>qemuarm</filename> target.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Once the build environment is set up, you can build a target using:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake <replaceable>target</replaceable>
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you experience a build error due to resources
|
|
temporarily being unavailable and it appears you
|
|
should not be having this issue, it might be due
|
|
to the combination of a 4.3+ Linux kernel and
|
|
<filename>systemd</filename> version 228+
|
|
(i.e. see this
|
|
<ulink url='http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/253903/creating-threads-fails-with-resource-temporarily-unavailable-with-4-3-kernel'>link</ulink>
|
|
for information).
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To work around this issue, you can try either
|
|
of the following:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Try the build again.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Modify the "DefaultTasksMax"
|
|
<filename>systemd</filename> parameter
|
|
by uncommenting it and setting it to
|
|
"infinity".
|
|
You can find this parameter in the
|
|
<filename>system.conf</filename> file
|
|
located in
|
|
<filename>/etc/systemd</filename>
|
|
on most systems.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <replaceable>target</replaceable> is the name of the recipe you want to build.
|
|
Common targets are the images in <filename>meta/recipes-core/images</filename>,
|
|
<filename>meta/recipes-sato/images</filename>, etc. all found in the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#source-directory'>Source Directory</ulink>.
|
|
Or, the target can be the name of a recipe for a specific piece of software such as
|
|
BusyBox.
|
|
For more details about the images the OpenEmbedded build system supports, see the
|
|
"<link linkend="ref-images">Images</link>" chapter.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
Building an image without GNU General Public License Version
|
|
3 (GPLv3), or similarly licensed, components is supported for
|
|
only minimal and base images.
|
|
See the "<link linkend='ref-images'>Images</link>" chapter for more information.
|
|
</note>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='building-an-image-using-gpl-components'>
|
|
<title>Building an Image Using GPL Components</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
When building an image using GPL components, you need to maintain your original
|
|
settings and not switch back and forth applying different versions of the GNU
|
|
General Public License.
|
|
If you rebuild using different versions of GPL, dependency errors might occur
|
|
due to some components not being rebuilt.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-install'>
|
|
<title>Installing and Using the Result</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Once an image has been built, it often needs to be installed.
|
|
The images and kernels built by the OpenEmbedded build system are placed in the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink> in
|
|
<filename class="directory">tmp/deploy/images</filename>.
|
|
For information on how to run pre-built images such as <filename>qemux86</filename>
|
|
and <filename>qemuarm</filename>, see the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_SDK_URL;#sdk-manual'>Yocto Project Software Development Kit (SDK) Developer's Guide</ulink>.
|
|
For information about how to install these images, see the documentation for your
|
|
particular board or machine.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-tools-and-techniques'>
|
|
<title>Debugging Tools and Techniques</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The exact method for debugging build failures depends on the nature of
|
|
the problem and on the system's area from which the bug originates.
|
|
Standard debugging practices such as comparison against the last
|
|
known working version with examination of the changes and the
|
|
re-application of steps to identify the one causing the problem are
|
|
valid for the Yocto Project just as they are for any other system.
|
|
Even though it is impossible to detail every possible potential failure,
|
|
this section provides some general tips to aid in debugging.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
A useful feature for debugging is the error reporting tool.
|
|
Configuring the Yocto Project to use this tool causes the
|
|
OpenEmbedded build system to produce error reporting commands as
|
|
part of the console output.
|
|
You can enter the commands after the build completes
|
|
to log error information
|
|
into a common database, that can help you figure out what might be
|
|
going wrong.
|
|
For information on how to enable and use this feature, see the
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#using-the-error-reporting-tool'>Using the Error Reporting Tool</ulink>"
|
|
section in the Yocto Project Development Manual.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
For discussions on debugging, see the
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#platdev-gdb-remotedebug'>Debugging With the GNU Project Debugger (GDB) Remotely</ulink>" section
|
|
in the Yocto Project Developer's Manual
|
|
and the
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_SDK_URL;#adt-eclipse'>Working within Eclipse</ulink>"
|
|
section in the Yocto Project Software Development Kit (SDK) Developer's Guide.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
The remainder of this section presents many examples of the
|
|
<filename>bitbake</filename> command.
|
|
You can learn about BitBake by reading the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_BB_URL;#bitbake-user-manual'>BitBake User Manual</ulink>.
|
|
</note>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-viewing-logs-from-failed-tasks'>
|
|
<title>Viewing Logs from Failed Tasks</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can find the log for a task in the file
|
|
<filename>${</filename><link linkend='var-WORKDIR'><filename>WORKDIR</filename></link><filename>}/temp/log.do_</filename><replaceable>taskname</replaceable>.
|
|
For example, the log for the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-tasks-compile'><filename>do_compile</filename></link>
|
|
task of the QEMU minimal image for the x86 machine
|
|
(<filename>qemux86</filename>) might be in
|
|
<filename>tmp/work/qemux86-poky-linux/core-image-minimal/1.0-r0/temp/log.do_compile</filename>.
|
|
To see the commands
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#bitbake-term'>BitBake</ulink> ran
|
|
to generate a log, look at the corresponding
|
|
<filename>run.do_</filename><replaceable>taskname</replaceable>
|
|
file in the same directory.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
<filename>log.do_</filename><replaceable>taskname</replaceable> and
|
|
<filename>run.do_</filename><replaceable>taskname</replaceable>
|
|
are actually symbolic links to
|
|
<filename>log.do_</filename><replaceable>taskname</replaceable><filename>.</filename><replaceable>pid</replaceable>
|
|
and
|
|
<filename>log.run_</filename><replaceable>taskname</replaceable><filename>.</filename><replaceable>pid</replaceable>,
|
|
where <replaceable>pid</replaceable> is the PID the task had when
|
|
it ran.
|
|
The symlinks always point to the files corresponding to the most
|
|
recent run.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-viewing-variable-values'>
|
|
<title>Viewing Variable Values</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
BitBake's <filename>-e</filename> option is used to display
|
|
variable values after parsing.
|
|
The following command displays the variable values after the
|
|
configuration files (i.e. <filename>local.conf</filename>,
|
|
<filename>bblayers.conf</filename>,
|
|
<filename>bitbake.conf</filename> and so forth) have been
|
|
parsed:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake -e
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
The following command displays variable values after a specific
|
|
recipe has been parsed.
|
|
The variables include those from the configuration as well:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake -e recipename
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
<note><para>
|
|
Each recipe has its own private set of variables (datastore).
|
|
Internally, after parsing the configuration, a copy of the
|
|
resulting datastore is made prior to parsing each recipe.
|
|
This copying implies that variables set in one recipe will
|
|
not be visible to other recipes.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Likewise, each task within a recipe gets a private
|
|
datastore based on the recipe datastore, which means that
|
|
variables set within one task will not be visible to
|
|
other tasks.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
In the output of <filename>bitbake -e</filename>, each variable is
|
|
preceded by a description of how the variable got its value,
|
|
including temporary values that were later overriden.
|
|
This description also includes variable flags (varflags) set on
|
|
the variable.
|
|
The output can be very helpful during debugging.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Variables that are exported to the environment are preceded by
|
|
<filename>export</filename> in the output of
|
|
<filename>bitbake -e</filename>.
|
|
See the following example:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
export CC="i586-poky-linux-gcc -m32 -march=i586 --sysroot=/home/ulf/poky/build/tmp/sysroots/qemux86"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
In addition to variable values, the output of the
|
|
<filename>bitbake -e</filename> and
|
|
<filename>bitbake -e</filename> <replaceable>recipe</replaceable>
|
|
commands includes the following information:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
The output starts with a tree listing all configuration
|
|
files and classes included globally, recursively listing
|
|
the files they include or inherit in turn.
|
|
Much of the behavior of the OpenEmbedded build system
|
|
(including the behavior of the
|
|
<link linkend='normal-recipe-build-tasks'>normal recipe build tasks</link>)
|
|
is implemented in the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-classes-base'><filename>base</filename></link>
|
|
class and the classes it inherits, rather than being built
|
|
into BitBake itself.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
After the variable values, all functions appear in the
|
|
output.
|
|
For shell functions, variables referenced within the
|
|
function body are expanded.
|
|
If a function has been modified using overrides or
|
|
using override-style operators like
|
|
<filename>_append</filename> and
|
|
<filename>_prepend</filename>, then the final assembled
|
|
function body appears in the output.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='viewing-package-information-with-oe-pkgdata-util'>
|
|
<title>Viewing Package Information with <filename>oe-pkgdata-util</filename></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can use the <filename>oe-pkgdata-util</filename> command-line
|
|
utility to query
|
|
<link linkend='var-PKGDATA_DIR'><filename>PKGDATA_DIR</filename></link>
|
|
and display various package-related information.
|
|
When you use the utility, you must use it to view information
|
|
on packages that have already been built.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Following are a few of the available
|
|
<filename>oe-pkgdata-util</filename> subcommands.
|
|
<note>
|
|
You can use the standard * and ? globbing wildcards as part of
|
|
package names and paths.
|
|
</note>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>oe-pkgdata-util list-pkgs [</filename><replaceable>pattern</replaceable><filename>]</filename>:
|
|
Lists all packages that have been built, optionally
|
|
limiting the match to packages that match
|
|
<replaceable>pattern</replaceable>.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>oe-pkgdata-util list-pkg-files </filename><replaceable>package</replaceable><filename> ...</filename>:
|
|
Lists the files and directories contained in the given
|
|
packages.
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>
|
|
A different way to view the contents of a package is
|
|
to look at the
|
|
<filename>${</filename><link linkend='var-WORKDIR'><filename>WORKDIR</filename></link><filename>}/packages-split</filename>
|
|
directory of the recipe that generates the
|
|
package.
|
|
This directory is created by the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-tasks-package'><filename>do_package</filename></link>
|
|
task and has one subdirectory for each package the
|
|
recipe generates, which contains the files stored in
|
|
that package.</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you want to inspect the
|
|
<filename>${WORKDIR}/packages-split</filename>
|
|
directory, make sure that
|
|
<link linkend='ref-classes-rm-work'><filename>rm_work</filename></link>
|
|
is not enabled when you build the recipe.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>oe-pkgdata-util find-path </filename><replaceable>path</replaceable><filename> ...</filename>:
|
|
Lists the names of the packages that contain the given
|
|
paths.
|
|
For example, the following tells us that
|
|
<filename>/usr/share/man/man1/make.1</filename>
|
|
is contained in the <filename>make-doc</filename>
|
|
package:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ oe-pkgdata-util find-path /usr/share/man/man1/make.1
|
|
make-doc: /usr/share/man/man1/make.1
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>oe-pkgdata-util lookup-recipe </filename><replaceable>package</replaceable><filename> ...</filename>:
|
|
Lists the name of the recipes that
|
|
produce the given packages.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
For more information on the <filename>oe-pkgdata-util</filename>
|
|
command, use the help facility:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ oe-pkgdata-util ‐‐help
|
|
$ oe-pkgdata-util <replaceable>subcommand</replaceable> --help
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-viewing-dependencies-between-recipes-and-tasks'>
|
|
<title>Viewing Dependencies Between Recipes and Tasks</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Sometimes it can be hard to see why BitBake wants to build other
|
|
recipes before the one you have specified.
|
|
Dependency information can help you understand why a recipe is
|
|
built.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To generate dependency information for a recipe, run the following
|
|
command:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake -g <replaceable>recipename</replaceable>
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
This command writes the following files in the current directory:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>pn-buildlist</filename>: A list of
|
|
recipes/targets involved in building
|
|
<replaceable>recipename</replaceable>.
|
|
"Involved" here means that at least one task from the
|
|
recipe needs to run when building
|
|
<replaceable>recipename</replaceable> from scratch.
|
|
Targets that are in
|
|
<link linkend='var-ASSUME_PROVIDED'><filename>ASSUME_PROVIDED</filename></link>
|
|
are not listed.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>task-depends.dot</filename>: A graph showing
|
|
dependencies between tasks.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The graphs are in
|
|
<ulink url='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOT_%28graph_description_language%29'>DOT</ulink>
|
|
format and can be converted to images (e.g. using the
|
|
<filename>dot</filename> tool from
|
|
<ulink url='http://www.graphviz.org/'>Graphviz</ulink>).
|
|
<note><title>Notes</title>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
DOT files use a plain text format.
|
|
The graphs generated using the
|
|
<filename>bitbake -g</filename> command are often so
|
|
large as to be difficult to read without special
|
|
pruning (e.g. with Bitbake's
|
|
<filename>-I</filename> option) and processing.
|
|
Despite the form and size of the graphs, the
|
|
corresponding <filename>.dot</filename> files can still
|
|
be possible to read and provide useful information.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>As an example, the
|
|
<filename>task-depends.dot</filename> file contains
|
|
lines such as the following:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
"libxslt.do_configure" -> "libxml2.do_populate_sysroot"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
The above example line reveals that the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-tasks-configure'><filename>do_configure</filename></link>
|
|
task in <filename>libxslt</filename> depends on the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-tasks-populate_sysroot'><filename>do_populate_sysroot</filename></link>
|
|
task in <filename>libxml2</filename>, which is a normal
|
|
<link linkend='var-DEPENDS'><filename>DEPENDS</filename></link>
|
|
dependency between the two recipes.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
For an example of how <filename>.dot</filename> files
|
|
can be processed, see the
|
|
<filename>scripts/contrib/graph-tool</filename> Python
|
|
script, which finds and displays paths between graph
|
|
nodes.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can use a different method to view dependency information
|
|
by using the following command:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake -g -u taskexp <replaceable>recipename</replaceable>
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
This command displays a GUI window from which you can view
|
|
build-time and runtime dependencies for the recipes involved in
|
|
building <replaceable>recipename</replaceable>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-viewing-task-variable-dependencies'>
|
|
<title>Viewing Task Variable Dependencies</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
As mentioned in the
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_BB_URL;#checksums'>Checksums (Signatures)</ulink>"
|
|
section of the BitBake User Manual, BitBake tries to automatically
|
|
determine what variables a task depends on so that it can rerun
|
|
the task if any values of the variables change.
|
|
This determination is usually reliable.
|
|
However, if you do things like construct variable names at runtime,
|
|
then you might have to manually declare dependencies on those
|
|
variables using <filename>vardeps</filename> as described in the
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_BB_URL;#variable-flags'>Variable Flags</ulink>"
|
|
section of the BitBake User Manual.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you are unsure whether a variable dependency is being picked up
|
|
automatically for a given task, you can list the variable
|
|
dependencies BitBake has determined by doing the following:
|
|
<orderedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Build the recipe containing the task:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake <replaceable>recipename</replaceable>
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Inside the
|
|
<link linkend='var-STAMPS_DIR'><filename>STAMPS_DIR</filename></link>
|
|
directory, find the signature data
|
|
(<filename>sigdata</filename>) file that corresponds to the
|
|
task.
|
|
The <filename>sigdata</filename> files contain a pickled
|
|
Python database of all the metadata that went into creating
|
|
the input checksum for the task.
|
|
As an example, for the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-tasks-fetch'><filename>do_fetch</filename></link>
|
|
task of the <filename>db</filename> recipe, the
|
|
<filename>sigdata</filename> file might be found in the
|
|
following location:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
${BUILDDIR}/tmp/stamps/i586-poky-linux/db/6.0.30-r1.do_fetch.sigdata.7c048c18222b16ff0bcee2000ef648b1
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
For tasks that are accelerated through the shared state
|
|
(<link linkend='shared-state-cache'>sstate</link>)
|
|
cache, an additional <filename>siginfo</filename> file is
|
|
written into
|
|
<link linkend='var-SSTATE_DIR'><filename>SSTATE_DIR</filename></link>
|
|
along with the cached task output.
|
|
The <filename>siginfo</filename> files contain exactly the
|
|
same information as <filename>sigdata</filename> files.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Run <filename>bitbake-dumpsig</filename> on the
|
|
<filename>sigdata</filename> or
|
|
<filename>siginfo</filename> file.
|
|
Here is an example:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake-dumpsig ${BUILDDIR}/tmp/stamps/i586-poky-linux/db/6.0.30-r1.do_fetch.sigdata.7c048c18222b16ff0bcee2000ef648b1
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
In the output of the above command, you will find a line
|
|
like the following, which lists all the (inferred) variable
|
|
dependencies for the task.
|
|
This list also includes indirect dependencies from
|
|
variables depending on other variables, recursively.
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
Task dependencies: ['PV', 'SRCREV', 'SRC_URI', 'SRC_URI[md5sum]', 'SRC_URI[sha256sum]', 'base_do_fetch']
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
<note>
|
|
Functions (e.g. <filename>base_do_fetch</filename>)
|
|
also count as variable dependencies.
|
|
These functions in turn depend on the variables they
|
|
reference.
|
|
</note>
|
|
The output of <filename>bitbake-dumpsig</filename> also includes
|
|
the value each variable had, a list of dependencies for each
|
|
variable, and
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_BB_URL;#var-BB_HASHBASE_WHITELIST'><filename>BB_HASHBASE_WHITELIST</filename></ulink>
|
|
information.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
There is also a <filename>bitbake-diffsigs</filename> command for
|
|
comparing two <filename>siginfo</filename> or
|
|
<filename>sigdata</filename> files.
|
|
This command can be helpful when trying to figure out what changed
|
|
between two versions of a task.
|
|
If you call <filename>bitbake-diffsigs</filename> with just one
|
|
file, the command behaves like
|
|
<filename>bitbake-dumpsig</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can also use BitBake to dump out the signature construction
|
|
information without executing tasks by using either of the
|
|
following BitBake command-line options:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
‐‐dump-signatures=<replaceable>SIGNATURE_HANDLER</replaceable>
|
|
-S <replaceable>SIGNATURE_HANDLER</replaceable>
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
<note>
|
|
Two common values for
|
|
<replaceable>SIGNATURE_HANDLER</replaceable> are "none" and
|
|
"printdiff", which dump only the signature or compare the
|
|
dumped signature with the cached one, respectively.
|
|
</note>
|
|
Using BitBake with either of these options causes BitBake to dump
|
|
out <filename>sigdata</filename> files in the
|
|
<filename>stamps</filename> directory for every task it would have
|
|
executed instead of building the specified target package.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-taskrunning'>
|
|
<title>Running Specific Tasks</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Any given recipe consists of a set of tasks.
|
|
The standard BitBake behavior in most cases is:
|
|
<filename>do_fetch</filename>,
|
|
<filename>do_unpack</filename>,
|
|
<filename>do_patch</filename>, <filename>do_configure</filename>,
|
|
<filename>do_compile</filename>, <filename>do_install</filename>,
|
|
<filename>do_package</filename>,
|
|
<filename>do_package_write_*</filename>, and
|
|
<filename>do_build</filename>.
|
|
The default task is <filename>do_build</filename> and any tasks
|
|
on which it depends build first.
|
|
Some tasks, such as <filename>do_devshell</filename>, are not part
|
|
of the default build chain.
|
|
If you wish to run a task that is not part of the default build
|
|
chain, you can use the <filename>-c</filename> option in BitBake.
|
|
Here is an example:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop -c devshell
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <filename>-c</filename> option respects task dependencies,
|
|
which means that all other tasks (including tasks from other
|
|
recipes) that the specified task depends on will be run before the
|
|
task.
|
|
Even when you manually specify a task to run with
|
|
<filename>-c</filename>, BitBake will only run the task if it
|
|
considers it "out of date".
|
|
See the
|
|
"<link linkend='stamp-files-and-the-rerunning-of-tasks'>Stamp Files and the Rerunning of Tasks</link>"
|
|
section for how BitBake determines whether a task is "out of date".
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you want to force an up-to-date task to be rerun (e.g.
|
|
because you made manual modifications to the recipe's
|
|
<link linkend='var-WORKDIR'><filename>WORKDIR</filename></link>
|
|
that you want to try out), then you can use the
|
|
<filename>-f</filename> option.
|
|
<note>
|
|
The reason <filename>-f</filename> is never required when
|
|
running the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-tasks-devshell'><filename>do_devshell</filename></link>
|
|
task is because the
|
|
<filename>[</filename><ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_BB_URL;#variable-flags'><filename>nostamp</filename></ulink><filename>]</filename>
|
|
variable flag is already set for the task.
|
|
</note>
|
|
The following example shows one way you can use the
|
|
<filename>-f</filename> option:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
make some changes to the source code in the work directory
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop -c compile -f
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This sequence first builds and then recompiles
|
|
<filename>matchbox-desktop</filename>.
|
|
The last command reruns all tasks (basically the packaging tasks)
|
|
after the compile.
|
|
BitBake recognizes that the <filename>do_compile</filename>
|
|
task was rerun and therefore understands that the other tasks
|
|
also need to be run again.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Another, shorter way to rerun a task and all
|
|
<link linkend='normal-recipe-build-tasks'>normal recipe build tasks</link>
|
|
that depend on it is to use the <filename>-C</filename>
|
|
option.
|
|
<note>
|
|
This option is upper-cased and is separate from the
|
|
<filename>-c</filename> option, which is lower-cased.
|
|
</note>
|
|
Using this option invalidates the given task and then runs the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-tasks-build'><filename>do_build</filename></link>
|
|
task, which is the default task if no task is given, and the
|
|
tasks on which it depends.
|
|
You could replace the final two commands in the previous example
|
|
with the following single command:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop -C compile
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
Internally, the <filename>-f</filename> and
|
|
<filename>-C</filename> options work by tainting (modifying) the
|
|
input checksum of the specified task.
|
|
This tainting indirectly causes the task and its
|
|
dependent tasks to be rerun through the normal task dependency
|
|
mechanisms.
|
|
<note>
|
|
BitBake explicitly keeps track of which tasks have been
|
|
tainted in this fashion, and will print warnings such as the
|
|
following for builds involving such tasks:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
WARNING: /home/ulf/poky/meta/recipes-sato/matchbox-desktop/matchbox-desktop_2.1.bb.do_compile is tainted from a forced run
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
The purpose of the warning is to let you know that the work
|
|
directory and build output might not be in the clean state they
|
|
would be in for a "normal" build, depending on what actions
|
|
you took.
|
|
To get rid of such warnings, you can remove the work directory
|
|
and rebuild the recipe, as follows:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop -c clean
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can view a list of tasks in a given package by running the
|
|
<filename>do_listtasks</filename> task as follows:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop -c listtasks
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
The results appear as output to the console and are also in the
|
|
file <filename>${WORKDIR}/temp/log.do_listtasks</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-bitbake'>
|
|
<title>General BitBake Problems</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can see debug output from BitBake by using the <filename>-D</filename> option.
|
|
The debug output gives more information about what BitBake
|
|
is doing and the reason behind it.
|
|
Each <filename>-D</filename> option you use increases the logging level.
|
|
The most common usage is <filename>-DDD</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The output from <filename>bitbake -DDD -v</filename> <replaceable>targetname</replaceable> can reveal why
|
|
BitBake chose a certain version of a package or why BitBake
|
|
picked a certain provider.
|
|
This command could also help you in a situation where you think BitBake did something
|
|
unexpected.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='development-host-system-issues'>
|
|
<title>Development Host System Issues</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Sometimes issues on the host development system can cause your
|
|
build to fail.
|
|
Following are known, host-specific problems.
|
|
Be sure to always consult the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_RELEASE_NOTES;'>Release Notes</ulink>
|
|
for a look at all release-related issues.
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis><filename>glibc-initial</filename> fails to build</emphasis>:
|
|
If your development host system has the unpatched
|
|
<filename>GNU Make 3.82</filename>,
|
|
the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-tasks-install'><filename>do_install</filename></link>
|
|
task fails for <filename>glibc-initial</filename> during
|
|
the build.</para>
|
|
<para>Typically, every distribution that ships
|
|
<filename>GNU Make 3.82</filename> as
|
|
the default already has the patched version.
|
|
However, some distributions, such as Debian, have
|
|
<filename>GNU Make 3.82</filename> as an option, which
|
|
is unpatched.
|
|
You will see this error on these types of distributions.
|
|
Switch to <filename>GNU Make 3.81</filename> or patch
|
|
your <filename>make</filename> to solve the problem.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-buildfile'>
|
|
<title>Building with No Dependencies</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
To build a specific recipe (<filename>.bb</filename> file),
|
|
you can use the following command form:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake -b <replaceable>somepath</replaceable>/<replaceable>somerecipe</replaceable>.bb
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
This command form does not check for dependencies.
|
|
Consequently, you should use it
|
|
only when you know existing dependencies have been met.
|
|
<note>
|
|
You can also specify fragments of the filename.
|
|
In this case, BitBake checks for a unique match.
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='recipe-logging-mechanisms'>
|
|
<title>Recipe Logging Mechanisms</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The Yocto Project provides several logging functions for producing
|
|
debugging output and reporting errors and warnings.
|
|
For Python functions, the following logging functions exist.
|
|
All of these functions log to
|
|
<filename>${T}/log.do_</filename><replaceable>task</replaceable>,
|
|
and can also log to standard output (stdout) with the right
|
|
settings:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>bb.plain(</filename><replaceable>msg</replaceable><filename>)</filename>:
|
|
Writes <replaceable>msg</replaceable> as is to the log while
|
|
also logging to stdout.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>bb.note(</filename><replaceable>msg</replaceable><filename>)</filename>:
|
|
Writes "NOTE: <replaceable>msg</replaceable>" to the log.
|
|
Also logs to stdout if BitBake is called with "-v".
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>bb.debug(</filename><replaceable>level</replaceable><filename>, </filename><replaceable>msg</replaceable><filename>)</filename>:
|
|
Writes "DEBUG: <replaceable>msg</replaceable>" to the log.
|
|
Also logs to stdout if the log level is greater than or
|
|
equal to <replaceable>level</replaceable>.
|
|
See the
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_BB_URL;#usage-and-syntax'>-D</ulink>"
|
|
option in the BitBake User Manual for more information.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>bb.warn(</filename><replaceable>msg</replaceable><filename>)</filename>:
|
|
Writes "WARNING: <replaceable>msg</replaceable>" to the log
|
|
while also logging to stdout.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>bb.error(</filename><replaceable>msg</replaceable><filename>)</filename>:
|
|
Writes "ERROR: <replaceable>msg</replaceable>" to the log
|
|
while also logging to stdout.
|
|
<note>
|
|
Calling this function does not cause the task to fail.
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<filename>bb.fatal(</filename><replaceable>msg</replaceable><filename>)</filename>:
|
|
This logging function is similar to
|
|
<filename>bb.error(</filename><replaceable>msg</replaceable><filename>)</filename>
|
|
but also causes the calling task to fail.
|
|
<note>
|
|
<filename>bb.fatal()</filename> raises an exception,
|
|
which means you do not need to put a "return"
|
|
statement after the function.
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The same logging functions are also available in shell functions,
|
|
under the names
|
|
<filename>bbplain</filename>, <filename>bbnote</filename>,
|
|
<filename>bbdebug</filename>, <filename>bbwarn</filename>,
|
|
<filename>bberror</filename>, and <filename>bbfatal</filename>.
|
|
The
|
|
<link linkend='ref-classes-logging'><filename>logging</filename></link>
|
|
class implements these functions.
|
|
See that class in the
|
|
<filename>meta/classes</filename> folder of the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#source-directory'>Source Directory</ulink>
|
|
for information.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section id='logging-with-python'>
|
|
<title>Logging With Python</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
When creating recipes using Python and inserting code that handles build logs,
|
|
keep in mind the goal is to have informative logs while keeping the console as
|
|
"silent" as possible.
|
|
Also, if you want status messages in the log, use the "debug" loglevel.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Following is an example written in Python.
|
|
The code handles logging for a function that determines the
|
|
number of tasks needed to be run.
|
|
See the
|
|
"<link linkend='ref-tasks-listtasks'><filename>do_listtasks</filename></link>"
|
|
section for additional information:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
python do_listtasks() {
|
|
bb.debug(2, "Starting to figure out the task list")
|
|
if noteworthy_condition:
|
|
bb.note("There are 47 tasks to run")
|
|
bb.debug(2, "Got to point xyz")
|
|
if warning_trigger:
|
|
bb.warn("Detected warning_trigger, this might be a problem later.")
|
|
if recoverable_error:
|
|
bb.error("Hit recoverable_error, you really need to fix this!")
|
|
if fatal_error:
|
|
bb.fatal("fatal_error detected, unable to print the task list")
|
|
bb.plain("The tasks present are abc")
|
|
bb.debug(2, "Finished figuring out the tasklist")
|
|
}
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='logging-with-bash'>
|
|
<title>Logging With Bash</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
When creating recipes using Bash and inserting code that handles build
|
|
logs, you have the same goals - informative with minimal console output.
|
|
The syntax you use for recipes written in Bash is similar to that of
|
|
recipes written in Python described in the previous section.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Following is an example written in Bash.
|
|
The code logs the progress of the <filename>do_my_function</filename> function.
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
do_my_function() {
|
|
bbdebug 2 "Running do_my_function"
|
|
if [ exceptional_condition ]; then
|
|
bbnote "Hit exceptional_condition"
|
|
fi
|
|
bbdebug 2 "Got to point xyz"
|
|
if [ warning_trigger ]; then
|
|
bbwarn "Detected warning_trigger, this might cause a problem later."
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ recoverable_error ]; then
|
|
bberror "Hit recoverable_error, correcting"
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ fatal_error ]; then
|
|
bbfatal "fatal_error detected"
|
|
fi
|
|
bbdebug 2 "Completed do_my_function"
|
|
}
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-others'>
|
|
<title>Other Tips</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Here are some other tips that you might find useful:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
When adding new packages, it is worth watching for
|
|
undesirable items making their way into compiler command
|
|
lines.
|
|
For example, you do not want references to local system
|
|
files like
|
|
<filename>/usr/lib/</filename> or
|
|
<filename>/usr/include/</filename>.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
If you want to remove the <filename>psplash</filename>
|
|
boot splashscreen,
|
|
add <filename>psplash=false</filename> to the kernel
|
|
command line.
|
|
Doing so prevents <filename>psplash</filename> from loading
|
|
and thus allows you to see the console.
|
|
It is also possible to switch out of the splashscreen by
|
|
switching the virtual console (e.g. Fn+Left or Fn+Right
|
|
on a Zaurus).
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Removing
|
|
<link linkend='var-TMPDIR'><filename>TMPDIR</filename></link>
|
|
(usually <filename>tmp/</filename>, within the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>)
|
|
can often fix temporary build issues.
|
|
Removing <filename>TMPDIR</filename> is usually a
|
|
relatively cheap operation, because task output will be
|
|
cached in
|
|
<link linkend='var-SSTATE_DIR'><filename>SSTATE_DIR</filename></link>
|
|
(usually <filename>sstate-cache/</filename>, which is
|
|
also in the Build Directory).
|
|
<note>
|
|
Removing <filename>TMPDIR</filename> might be a
|
|
workaround rather than a fix.
|
|
Consequently, trying to determine the underlying cause
|
|
of an issue before removing the directory is a good
|
|
idea.
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Understanding how a feature is used in practice within
|
|
existing recipes can be very helpful.
|
|
It is recommended that you configure some method that
|
|
allows you to quickly search through files.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Using GNU Grep, you can use the following shell
|
|
function to recursively search through common
|
|
recipe-related files, skipping binary files,
|
|
<filename>.git</filename> directories, and the
|
|
Build Directory (assuming its name starts with
|
|
"build"):
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
g() {
|
|
grep -Ir \
|
|
--exclude-dir=.git \
|
|
--exclude-dir='build*' \
|
|
--include='*.bb*' \
|
|
--include='*.inc*' \
|
|
--include='*.conf*' \
|
|
--include='*.py*' \
|
|
"$@"
|
|
}
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
Following are some usage examples:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ g FOO # Search recursively for "FOO"
|
|
$ g -i foo # Search recursively for "foo", ignoring case
|
|
$ g -w FOO # Search recursively for "FOO" as a word, ignoring e.g. "FOOBAR"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
If figuring out how some feature works requires a lot of
|
|
searching, it might indicate that the documentation should
|
|
be extended or improved.
|
|
In such cases, consider filing a documentation bug using
|
|
the Yocto Project implementation of
|
|
<ulink url='https://bugzilla.yoctoproject.org/'>Bugzilla</ulink>.
|
|
For general information on how to submit a bug against
|
|
the Yocto Project, see the
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#tracking-bugs'>Tracking Bugs</ulink>"
|
|
section in the Yocto Project Development Manual.
|
|
<note>
|
|
The manuals might not be the right place to document
|
|
variables that are purely internal and have a limited
|
|
scope (e.g. internal variables used to implement a
|
|
single <filename>.bbclass</filename> file).
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='maintaining-build-output-quality'>
|
|
<title>Maintaining Build Output Quality</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Many factors can influence the quality of a build.
|
|
For example, if you upgrade a recipe to use a new version of an upstream software
|
|
package or you experiment with some new configuration options, subtle changes
|
|
can occur that you might not detect until later.
|
|
Consider the case where your recipe is using a newer version of an upstream package.
|
|
In this case, a new version of a piece of software might introduce an optional
|
|
dependency on another library, which is auto-detected.
|
|
If that library has already been built when the software is building,
|
|
the software will link to the built library and that library will be pulled
|
|
into your image along with the new software even if you did not want the
|
|
library.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The
|
|
<link linkend='ref-classes-buildhistory'><filename>buildhistory</filename></link>
|
|
class exists to help you maintain
|
|
the quality of your build output.
|
|
You can use the class to highlight unexpected and possibly unwanted
|
|
changes in the build output.
|
|
When you enable build history, it records information about the contents of
|
|
each package and image and then commits that information to a local Git
|
|
repository where you can examine the information.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The remainder of this section describes the following:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>How you can enable and disable
|
|
build history</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>How to understand what the build history contains
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>How to limit the information used for build history
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>How to examine the build history from both a
|
|
command-line and web interface</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section id='enabling-and-disabling-build-history'>
|
|
<title>Enabling and Disabling Build History</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Build history is disabled by default.
|
|
To enable it, add the following <filename>INHERIT</filename>
|
|
statement and set the
|
|
<link linkend='var-BUILDHISTORY_COMMIT'><filename>BUILDHISTORY_COMMIT</filename></link>
|
|
variable to "1" at the end of your
|
|
<filename>conf/local.conf</filename> file found in the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
INHERIT += "buildhistory"
|
|
BUILDHISTORY_COMMIT = "1"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
Enabling build history as previously described
|
|
causes the build process to collect build
|
|
output information and commit it to a local
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#git'>Git</ulink> repository.
|
|
<note>
|
|
Enabling build history increases your build times slightly,
|
|
particularly for images, and increases the amount of disk
|
|
space used during the build.
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can disable build history by removing the previous statements
|
|
from your <filename>conf/local.conf</filename> file.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='understanding-what-the-build-history-contains'>
|
|
<title>Understanding What the Build History Contains</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Build history information is kept in
|
|
<filename>${</filename><link linkend='var-TOPDIR'><filename>TOPDIR</filename></link><filename>}/buildhistory</filename>
|
|
in the Build Directory as defined by the
|
|
<link linkend='var-BUILDHISTORY_DIR'><filename>BUILDHISTORY_DIR</filename></link>
|
|
variable.
|
|
The following is an example abbreviated listing:
|
|
<imagedata fileref="figures/buildhistory.png" align="center" width="6in" depth="4in" />
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
At the top level, there is a <filename>metadata-revs</filename> file
|
|
that lists the revisions of the repositories for the layers enabled
|
|
when the build was produced.
|
|
The rest of the data splits into separate
|
|
<filename>packages</filename>, <filename>images</filename> and
|
|
<filename>sdk</filename> directories, the contents of which are
|
|
described below.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section id='build-history-package-information'>
|
|
<title>Build History Package Information</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The history for each package contains a text file that has
|
|
name-value pairs with information about the package.
|
|
For example, <filename>buildhistory/packages/i586-poky-linux/busybox/busybox/latest</filename>
|
|
contains the following:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
PV = 1.22.1
|
|
PR = r32
|
|
RPROVIDES =
|
|
RDEPENDS = glibc (>= 2.20) update-alternatives-opkg
|
|
RRECOMMENDS = busybox-syslog busybox-udhcpc update-rc.d
|
|
PKGSIZE = 540168
|
|
FILES = /usr/bin/* /usr/sbin/* /usr/lib/busybox/* /usr/lib/lib*.so.* \
|
|
/etc /com /var /bin/* /sbin/* /lib/*.so.* /lib/udev/rules.d \
|
|
/usr/lib/udev/rules.d /usr/share/busybox /usr/lib/busybox/* \
|
|
/usr/share/pixmaps /usr/share/applications /usr/share/idl \
|
|
/usr/share/omf /usr/share/sounds /usr/lib/bonobo/servers
|
|
FILELIST = /bin/busybox /bin/busybox.nosuid /bin/busybox.suid /bin/sh \
|
|
/etc/busybox.links.nosuid /etc/busybox.links.suid
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
Most of these name-value pairs correspond to variables used
|
|
to produce the package.
|
|
The exceptions are <filename>FILELIST</filename>, which is the
|
|
actual list of files in the package, and
|
|
<filename>PKGSIZE</filename>, which is the total size of files
|
|
in the package in bytes.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
There is also a file corresponding to the recipe from which the
|
|
package came (e.g.
|
|
<filename>buildhistory/packages/i586-poky-linux/busybox/latest</filename>):
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
PV = 1.22.1
|
|
PR = r32
|
|
DEPENDS = initscripts kern-tools-native update-rc.d-native \
|
|
virtual/i586-poky-linux-compilerlibs virtual/i586-poky-linux-gcc \
|
|
virtual/libc virtual/update-alternatives
|
|
PACKAGES = busybox-ptest busybox-httpd busybox-udhcpd busybox-udhcpc \
|
|
busybox-syslog busybox-mdev busybox-hwclock busybox-dbg \
|
|
busybox-staticdev busybox-dev busybox-doc busybox-locale busybox
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Finally, for those recipes fetched from a version control
|
|
system (e.g., Git), a file exists that lists source revisions
|
|
that are specified in the recipe and lists the actual revisions
|
|
used during the build.
|
|
Listed and actual revisions might differ when
|
|
<link linkend='var-SRCREV'><filename>SRCREV</filename></link>
|
|
is set to
|
|
<filename>${<link linkend='var-AUTOREV'>AUTOREV</link>}</filename>.
|
|
Here is an example assuming
|
|
<filename>buildhistory/packages/qemux86-poky-linux/linux-yocto/latest_srcrev</filename>):
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
# SRCREV_machine = "38cd560d5022ed2dbd1ab0dca9642e47c98a0aa1"
|
|
SRCREV_machine = "38cd560d5022ed2dbd1ab0dca9642e47c98a0aa1"
|
|
# SRCREV_meta = "a227f20eff056e511d504b2e490f3774ab260d6f"
|
|
SRCREV_meta = "a227f20eff056e511d504b2e490f3774ab260d6f"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
You can use the <filename>buildhistory-collect-srcrevs</filename>
|
|
command with the <filename>-a</filename> option to
|
|
collect the stored <filename>SRCREV</filename> values
|
|
from build history and report them in a format suitable for
|
|
use in global configuration (e.g.,
|
|
<filename>local.conf</filename> or a distro include file) to
|
|
override floating <filename>AUTOREV</filename> values to a
|
|
fixed set of revisions.
|
|
Here is some example output from this command:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ buildhistory-collect-srcrevs -a
|
|
# i586-poky-linux
|
|
SRCREV_pn-glibc = "b8079dd0d360648e4e8de48656c5c38972621072"
|
|
SRCREV_pn-glibc-initial = "b8079dd0d360648e4e8de48656c5c38972621072"
|
|
SRCREV_pn-opkg-utils = "53274f087565fd45d8452c5367997ba6a682a37a"
|
|
SRCREV_pn-kmod = "fd56638aed3fe147015bfa10ed4a5f7491303cb4"
|
|
# x86_64-linux
|
|
SRCREV_pn-gtk-doc-stub-native = "1dea266593edb766d6d898c79451ef193eb17cfa"
|
|
SRCREV_pn-dtc-native = "65cc4d2748a2c2e6f27f1cf39e07a5dbabd80ebf"
|
|
SRCREV_pn-update-rc.d-native = "eca680ddf28d024954895f59a241a622dd575c11"
|
|
SRCREV_glibc_pn-cross-localedef-native = "b8079dd0d360648e4e8de48656c5c38972621072"
|
|
SRCREV_localedef_pn-cross-localedef-native = "c833367348d39dad7ba018990bfdaffaec8e9ed3"
|
|
SRCREV_pn-prelink-native = "faa069deec99bf61418d0bab831c83d7c1b797ca"
|
|
SRCREV_pn-opkg-utils-native = "53274f087565fd45d8452c5367997ba6a682a37a"
|
|
SRCREV_pn-kern-tools-native = "23345b8846fe4bd167efdf1bd8a1224b2ba9a5ff"
|
|
SRCREV_pn-kmod-native = "fd56638aed3fe147015bfa10ed4a5f7491303cb4"
|
|
# qemux86-poky-linux
|
|
SRCREV_machine_pn-linux-yocto = "38cd560d5022ed2dbd1ab0dca9642e47c98a0aa1"
|
|
SRCREV_meta_pn-linux-yocto = "a227f20eff056e511d504b2e490f3774ab260d6f"
|
|
# all-poky-linux
|
|
SRCREV_pn-update-rc.d = "eca680ddf28d024954895f59a241a622dd575c11"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
<note>
|
|
Here are some notes on using the
|
|
<filename>buildhistory-collect-srcrevs</filename> command:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>By default, only values where the
|
|
<filename>SRCREV</filename> was
|
|
not hardcoded (usually when <filename>AUTOREV</filename>
|
|
was used) are reported.
|
|
Use the <filename>-a</filename> option to see all
|
|
<filename>SRCREV</filename> values.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>The output statements might not have any effect
|
|
if overrides are applied elsewhere in the build system
|
|
configuration.
|
|
Use the <filename>-f</filename> option to add the
|
|
<filename>forcevariable</filename> override to each output line
|
|
if you need to work around this restriction.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>The script does apply special handling when
|
|
building for multiple machines.
|
|
However, the script does place a
|
|
comment before each set of values that specifies
|
|
which triplet to which they belong as shown above
|
|
(e.g., <filename>i586-poky-linux</filename>).
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='build-history-image-information'>
|
|
<title>Build History Image Information</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The files produced for each image are as follows:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>image-files:</filename>
|
|
A directory containing selected files from the root
|
|
filesystem.
|
|
The files are defined by
|
|
<link linkend='var-BUILDHISTORY_IMAGE_FILES'><filename>BUILDHISTORY_IMAGE_FILES</filename></link>.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>build-id.txt:</filename>
|
|
Human-readable information about the build configuration
|
|
and metadata source revisions.
|
|
This file contains the full build header as printed
|
|
by BitBake.</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>*.dot:</filename>
|
|
Dependency graphs for the image that are
|
|
compatible with <filename>graphviz</filename>.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>files-in-image.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of files in the image with permissions,
|
|
owner, group, size, and symlink information.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>image-info.txt:</filename>
|
|
A text file containing name-value pairs with information
|
|
about the image.
|
|
See the following listing example for more information.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>installed-package-names.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of installed packages by name only.</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>installed-package-sizes.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of installed packages ordered by size.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>installed-packages.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of installed packages with full package
|
|
filenames.</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
<note>
|
|
Installed package information is able to be gathered and
|
|
produced even if package management is disabled for the final
|
|
image.
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Here is an example of <filename>image-info.txt</filename>:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
DISTRO = poky
|
|
DISTRO_VERSION = 1.7
|
|
USER_CLASSES = buildstats image-mklibs image-prelink
|
|
IMAGE_CLASSES = image_types
|
|
IMAGE_FEATURES = debug-tweaks
|
|
IMAGE_LINGUAS =
|
|
IMAGE_INSTALL = packagegroup-core-boot run-postinsts
|
|
BAD_RECOMMENDATIONS =
|
|
NO_RECOMMENDATIONS =
|
|
PACKAGE_EXCLUDE =
|
|
ROOTFS_POSTPROCESS_COMMAND = write_package_manifest; license_create_manifest; \
|
|
write_image_manifest ; buildhistory_list_installed_image ; \
|
|
buildhistory_get_image_installed ; ssh_allow_empty_password; \
|
|
postinst_enable_logging; rootfs_update_timestamp ; ssh_disable_dns_lookup ;
|
|
IMAGE_POSTPROCESS_COMMAND = buildhistory_get_imageinfo ;
|
|
IMAGESIZE = 6900
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
Other than <filename>IMAGESIZE</filename>, which is the
|
|
total size of the files in the image in Kbytes, the
|
|
name-value pairs are variables that may have influenced the
|
|
content of the image.
|
|
This information is often useful when you are trying to determine
|
|
why a change in the package or file listings has occurred.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='using-build-history-to-gather-image-information-only'>
|
|
<title>Using Build History to Gather Image Information Only</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
As you can see, build history produces image information,
|
|
including dependency graphs, so you can see why something
|
|
was pulled into the image.
|
|
If you are just interested in this information and not
|
|
interested in collecting specific package or SDK information,
|
|
you can enable writing only image information without
|
|
any history by adding the following to your
|
|
<filename>conf/local.conf</filename> file found in the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
INHERIT += "buildhistory"
|
|
BUILDHISTORY_COMMIT = "0"
|
|
BUILDHISTORY_FEATURES = "image"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
Here, you set the
|
|
<link linkend='var-BUILDHISTORY_FEATURES'><filename>BUILDHISTORY_FEATURES</filename></link>
|
|
variable to use the image feature only.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='build-history-sdk-information'>
|
|
<title>Build History SDK Information</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Build history collects similar information on the contents
|
|
of SDKs
|
|
(e.g. <filename>bitbake -c populate_sdk imagename</filename>)
|
|
as compared to information it collects for images.
|
|
Furthermore, this information differs depending on whether an
|
|
extensible or standard SDK is being produced.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The following list shows the files produced for SDKs:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>files-in-sdk.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of files in the SDK with permissions,
|
|
owner, group, size, and symlink information.
|
|
This list includes both the host and target parts
|
|
of the SDK.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>sdk-info.txt:</filename>
|
|
A text file containing name-value pairs with information
|
|
about the SDK.
|
|
See the following listing example for more information.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>sstate-task-sizes.txt:</filename>
|
|
A text file containing name-value pairs with information
|
|
about task group sizes
|
|
(e.g. <filename>do_populate_sysroot</filename> tasks
|
|
have a total size).
|
|
The <filename>sstate-task-sizes.txt</filename> file
|
|
exists only when an extensible SDK is created.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>sstate-package-sizes.txt:</filename>
|
|
A text file containing name-value pairs with information
|
|
for the shared-state packages and sizes in the SDK.
|
|
The <filename>sstate-package-sizes.txt</filename> file
|
|
exists only when an extensible SDK is created.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>sdk-files:</filename>
|
|
A folder that contains copies of the files mentioned in
|
|
<filename>BUILDHISTORY_SDK_FILES</filename> if the
|
|
files are present in the output.
|
|
Additionally, the default value of
|
|
<filename>BUILDHISTORY_SDK_FILES</filename> is specific
|
|
to the extensible SDK although you can set it
|
|
differently if you would like to pull in specific files
|
|
from the standard SDK.</para>
|
|
<para>The default files are
|
|
<filename>conf/local.conf</filename>,
|
|
<filename>conf/bblayers.conf</filename>,
|
|
<filename>conf/auto.conf</filename>,
|
|
<filename>conf/locked-sigs.inc</filename>, and
|
|
<filename>conf/devtool.conf</filename>.
|
|
Thus, for an extensible SDK, these files get copied
|
|
into the <filename>sdk-files</filename> directory.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>The following information appears under
|
|
each of the <filename>host</filename>
|
|
and <filename>target</filename> directories
|
|
for the portions of the SDK that run on the host and
|
|
on the target, respectively:
|
|
<note>
|
|
The following files for the most part are empty
|
|
when producing an extensible SDK because this
|
|
type of SDK is not constructed from packages as is
|
|
the standard SDK.
|
|
</note>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>depends.dot:</filename>
|
|
Dependency graph for the SDK that is
|
|
compatible with <filename>graphviz</filename>.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>installed-package-names.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of installed packages by name only.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>installed-package-sizes.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of installed packages ordered by size.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>installed-packages.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of installed packages with full package
|
|
filenames.</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Here is an example of <filename>sdk-info.txt</filename>:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
DISTRO = poky
|
|
DISTRO_VERSION = 1.3+snapshot-20130327
|
|
SDK_NAME = poky-glibc-i686-arm
|
|
SDK_VERSION = 1.3+snapshot
|
|
SDKMACHINE =
|
|
SDKIMAGE_FEATURES = dev-pkgs dbg-pkgs
|
|
BAD_RECOMMENDATIONS =
|
|
SDKSIZE = 352712
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
Other than <filename>SDKSIZE</filename>, which is the
|
|
total size of the files in the SDK in Kbytes, the
|
|
name-value pairs are variables that might have influenced the
|
|
content of the SDK.
|
|
This information is often useful when you are trying to
|
|
determine why a change in the package or file listings
|
|
has occurred.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='examining-build-history-information'>
|
|
<title>Examining Build History Information</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can examine build history output from the command line or
|
|
from a web interface.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To see any changes that have occurred (assuming you have
|
|
<link linkend='var-BUILDHISTORY_COMMIT'><filename>BUILDHISTORY_COMMIT = "1"</filename></link>),
|
|
you can simply
|
|
use any Git command that allows you to view the history of
|
|
a repository.
|
|
Here is one method:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ git log -p
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
You need to realize, however, that this method does show
|
|
changes that are not significant (e.g. a package's size
|
|
changing by a few bytes).
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
A command-line tool called <filename>buildhistory-diff</filename>
|
|
does exist, though, that queries the Git repository and prints just
|
|
the differences that might be significant in human-readable form.
|
|
Here is an example:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ ~/poky/poky/scripts/buildhistory-diff . HEAD^
|
|
Changes to images/qemux86_64/glibc/core-image-minimal (files-in-image.txt):
|
|
/etc/anotherpkg.conf was added
|
|
/sbin/anotherpkg was added
|
|
* (installed-package-names.txt):
|
|
* anotherpkg was added
|
|
Changes to images/qemux86_64/glibc/core-image-minimal (installed-package-names.txt):
|
|
anotherpkg was added
|
|
packages/qemux86_64-poky-linux/v86d: PACKAGES: added "v86d-extras"
|
|
* PR changed from "r0" to "r1"
|
|
* PV changed from "0.1.10" to "0.1.12"
|
|
packages/qemux86_64-poky-linux/v86d/v86d: PKGSIZE changed from 110579 to 144381 (+30%)
|
|
* PR changed from "r0" to "r1"
|
|
* PV changed from "0.1.10" to "0.1.12"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
<note>
|
|
The <filename>buildhistory-diff</filename> tool requires
|
|
the <filename>GitPython</filename> package.
|
|
Be sure to install it using Pip3 as follows:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ pip3 install GitPython --user
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
Alternatively, you can install
|
|
<filename>python3-git</filename> using the appropriate
|
|
distribution package manager (e.g.
|
|
<filename>apt-get</filename>, <filename>dnf</filename>, or
|
|
<filename>zipper</filename>).
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To see changes to the build history using a web interface, follow
|
|
the instruction in the <filename>README</filename> file here.
|
|
<ulink url='http://git.yoctoproject.org/cgit/cgit.cgi/buildhistory-web/'></ulink>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Here is a sample screenshot of the interface:
|
|
<imagedata fileref="figures/buildhistory-web.png" align="center" scalefit="1" width="130%" contentdepth="130%" />
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='speeding-up-the-build'>
|
|
<title>Speeding Up the Build</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Build time can be an issue.
|
|
By default, the build system uses simple controls to try and maximize
|
|
build efficiency.
|
|
In general, the default settings for all the following variables
|
|
result in the most efficient build times when dealing with single
|
|
socket systems (i.e. a single CPU).
|
|
If you have multiple CPUs, you might try increasing the default
|
|
values to gain more speed.
|
|
See the descriptions in the glossary for each variable for more
|
|
information:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<link linkend='var-BB_NUMBER_THREADS'><filename>BB_NUMBER_THREADS</filename>:</link>
|
|
The maximum number of threads BitBake simultaneously executes.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_BB_URL;#var-BB_NUMBER_PARSE_THREADS'><filename>BB_NUMBER_PARSE_THREADS</filename>:</ulink>
|
|
The number of threads BitBake uses during parsing.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<link linkend='var-PARALLEL_MAKE'><filename>PARALLEL_MAKE</filename>:</link>
|
|
Extra options passed to the <filename>make</filename> command
|
|
during the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-tasks-compile'><filename>do_compile</filename></link>
|
|
task in order to specify parallel compilation on the
|
|
local build host.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
<link linkend='var-PARALLEL_MAKEINST'><filename>PARALLEL_MAKEINST</filename>:</link>
|
|
Extra options passed to the <filename>make</filename> command
|
|
during the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-tasks-install'><filename>do_install</filename></link>
|
|
task in order to specify parallel installation on the
|
|
local build host.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
As mentioned, these variables all scale to the number of processor
|
|
cores available on the build system.
|
|
For single socket systems, this auto-scaling ensures that the build
|
|
system fundamentally takes advantage of potential parallel operations
|
|
during the build based on the build machine's capabilities.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Following are additional factors that can affect build speed:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
File system type:
|
|
The file system type that the build is being performed on can
|
|
also influence performance.
|
|
Using <filename>ext4</filename> is recommended as compared
|
|
to <filename>ext2</filename> and <filename>ext3</filename>
|
|
due to <filename>ext4</filename> improved features
|
|
such as extents.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Disabling the updating of access time using
|
|
<filename>noatime</filename>:
|
|
The <filename>noatime</filename> mount option prevents the
|
|
build system from updating file and directory access times.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Setting a longer commit:
|
|
Using the "commit=" mount option increases the interval
|
|
in seconds between disk cache writes.
|
|
Changing this interval from the five second default to
|
|
something longer increases the risk of data loss but decreases
|
|
the need to write to the disk, thus increasing the build
|
|
performance.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Choosing the packaging backend:
|
|
Of the available packaging backends, IPK is the fastest.
|
|
Additionally, selecting a singular packaging backend also
|
|
helps.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Using <filename>tmpfs</filename> for
|
|
<link linkend='var-TMPDIR'><filename>TMPDIR</filename></link>
|
|
as a temporary file system:
|
|
While this can help speed up the build, the benefits are
|
|
limited due to the compiler using
|
|
<filename>-pipe</filename>.
|
|
The build system goes to some lengths to avoid
|
|
<filename>sync()</filename> calls into the
|
|
file system on the principle that if there was a significant
|
|
failure, the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>
|
|
contents could easily be rebuilt.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Inheriting the
|
|
<link linkend='ref-classes-rm-work'><filename>rm_work</filename></link>
|
|
class:
|
|
Inheriting this class has shown to speed up builds due to
|
|
significantly lower amounts of data stored in the data
|
|
cache as well as on disk.
|
|
Inheriting this class also makes cleanup of
|
|
<link linkend='var-TMPDIR'><filename>TMPDIR</filename></link>
|
|
faster, at the expense of being easily able to dive into the
|
|
source code.
|
|
File system maintainers have recommended that the fastest way
|
|
to clean up large numbers of files is to reformat partitions
|
|
rather than delete files due to the linear nature of partitions.
|
|
This, of course, assumes you structure the disk partitions and
|
|
file systems in a way that this is practical.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
Aside from the previous list, you should keep some trade offs in
|
|
mind that can help you speed up the build:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Remove items from
|
|
<link linkend='var-DISTRO_FEATURES'><filename>DISTRO_FEATURES</filename></link>
|
|
that you might not need.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Exclude debug symbols and other debug information:
|
|
If you do not need these symbols and other debug information,
|
|
disabling the <filename>*-dbg</filename> package generation
|
|
can speed up the build.
|
|
You can disable this generation by setting the
|
|
<link linkend='var-INHIBIT_PACKAGE_DEBUG_SPLIT'><filename>INHIBIT_PACKAGE_DEBUG_SPLIT</filename></link>
|
|
variable to "1".
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Disable static library generation for recipes derived from
|
|
<filename>autoconf</filename> or <filename>libtool</filename>:
|
|
Following is an example showing how to disable static
|
|
libraries and still provide an override to handle exceptions:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
STATICLIBCONF = "--disable-static"
|
|
STATICLIBCONF_sqlite3-native = ""
|
|
EXTRA_OECONF += "${STATICLIBCONF}"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
<note><title>Notes</title>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Some recipes need static libraries in order to work
|
|
correctly (e.g. <filename>pseudo-native</filename>
|
|
needs <filename>sqlite3-native</filename>).
|
|
Overrides, as in the previous example, account for
|
|
these kinds of exceptions.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>
|
|
Some packages have packaging code that assumes the
|
|
presence of the static libraries.
|
|
If so, you might need to exclude them as well.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
<!--
|
|
vim: expandtab tw=80 ts=4
|
|
-->
|