527 lines
30 KiB
XML
527 lines
30 KiB
XML
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<chapter id='adt-eclipse'>
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<title>Working Within Eclipse</title>
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<para>
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The Eclipse IDE is a popular development environment and it fully supports
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development using Yocto Project.
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When you install and configure the Eclipse Yocto Project Plug-in into
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the Eclipse IDE, you maximize your Yocto Project design experience.
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Installing and configuring the Plug-in results in an environment that
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has extensions specifically designed to let you more easily develop software.
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These extensions allow for cross-compilation, deployment, and execution of
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your output into a QEMU emulation session.
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You can also perform cross-debugging and profiling.
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The environment also supports a suite of tools that allows you to perform
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remote profiling, tracing, collection of power data, collection of
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latency data, and collection of performance data.
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</para>
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<para>
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This section describes how to install and configure the Eclipse IDE
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Yocto Plug-in and how to use it to develop your Yocto Project.
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</para>
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<section id='setting-up-the-eclipse-ide'>
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<title>Setting Up the Eclipse IDE</title>
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<para>
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To develop within the Eclipse IDE, you need to do the following:
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem><para>Install the optimal version of the Eclipse IDE.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Configure the Eclipse IDE.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Install the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Configure the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in.</para></listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</para>
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<section id='installing-eclipse-ide'>
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<title>Installing the Eclipse IDE</title>
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<para>
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It is recommended that you have the Indigo 3.7 version of the
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Eclipse IDE installed on your development system.
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If you don’t have this version, you can find it at
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<ulink url='http://www.eclipse.org/downloads'></ulink>.
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From that site, choose the Eclipse Classic version particular to your development
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host.
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This version contains the Eclipse Platform, the Java Development
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Tools (JDT), and the Plug-in Development Environment.
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</para>
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<para>
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Once you have downloaded the tarball, extract it into a clean
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directory.
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For example, the following command unpacks and installs the Eclipse IDE
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into a clean directory using the default name <filename>eclipse</filename>:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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$ tar -xzvf ~/Downloads/Eclipse-SDK-3.7-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz
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</literallayout>
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</para>
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<para>
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One issue exists that you need to be aware of regarding the Java
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Virtual machine’s garbage collection (GC) process.
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The GC process does not clean up the permanent generation
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space (PermGen).
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This space stores metadata descriptions of classes.
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The default value is set too small and it could trigger an
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out-of-memory error such as the following:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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Java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: PermGen space
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</literallayout>
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</para>
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<para>
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This error causes the application to hang.
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</para>
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<para>
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To fix this issue, you can use the <filename>--vmargs</filename>
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option when you start Eclipse to increase the size of the permanent generation space:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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eclipse --vmargs --XX:PermSize=256M
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</literallayout>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='configuring-the-eclipse-ide'>
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<title>Configuring the Eclipse IDE</title>
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<para>
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Before installing and configuring the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in, you need to configure
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the Eclipse IDE.
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Follow these general steps to configure Eclipse:
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem><para>Start the Eclipse IDE.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Select "Install New Software" from the "Help" pull-down menu.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Select <filename>Indego - http://download.eclipse.org/releases/indego</filename>
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from the "Work with:" pull-down menu.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Expand the box next to <filename>Programming Languages</filename>
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and select the <filename>Autotools Support for CDT (incubation)</filename>
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and <filename>C/C++ Development Tools</filename> boxes.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Complete the installation and restart the Eclipse IDE.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Select "Install New Software" from the "Help" pull-down menu.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>After the Eclipse IDE restarts, click the
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"Available Software Sites" link.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Check the box next to
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<filename>http://download.eclipse.org/tm/updates/3.3</filename>
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and click "OK".</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Select <filename>http://download.eclipse.org/tm/updates/3.3</filename>
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from the "Work with:" pull-down menu.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Check the box next to <filename>TM and RSE Main Features</filename>.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Expand the box next to <filename>TM and RSE Optional Add-ons</filename>
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and select every item except <filename>RSE Unit Tests</filename> and
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<filename>RSE WinCE Services (incubation)</filename>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Complete the installation and restart the Eclipse IDE.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>After the Eclipse IDE restarts, click the
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"Available Software Sites" link.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Check the box next to
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<filename>http://download.eclipse.org/tools/cdt/releases/indego</filename>
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and click "OK".</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Select <filename>http://download.eclipse.org/tools/cdt/releases/indego</filename>
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from the "Work with:" pull-down menu.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Check the box next to <filename>CDT Main Features</filename>.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Expand the box next to <filename>CDT Optional Features</filename>
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and select <filename>C/C++ Remote Launch</filename> and
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<filename>Target Communication Framework (incubation)</filename>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Complete the installation and restart the Eclipse IDE.</para></listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='installing-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>
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<title>Installing the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</title>
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<para>
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To install the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in, follow these special steps.
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The steps are WIP and are not final.
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Once they are final they will be replaced with the actual steps:
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem><para>Open a shell and create a Git repository with:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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$ git clone git://git.yoctoproject.org/yocto-eclipse yocto-eclipse
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</literallayout></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>In Eclipse, select "Import" from the "File" menu.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Expand the "General" box and pick "existing projects into workspace".
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Select the root directory and browse to "~/yocto-eclipse/plugins".
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>There will be three things there.
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Select each one and install one at a time.
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Do all three.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Restart everything.</para></listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</para>
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<para>
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At this point I should be able to invoke Eclipse from the shell using the following:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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$ cd ~/eclipse
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$ ./eclipse -vmargs -XX:PermSize=256M
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</literallayout>
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What is shown is the default projects in the left pane.
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I should be able to right-click on one of these and run as an Eclipse application to
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bring up the Eclipse instance again with the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in working.
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This brings up a second instance of Eclipse IDE that has the Yocto Plug-in.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='configuring-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>
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<title>Configuring the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</title>
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<para>
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Configuring the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in involves setting the Cross
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Compiler options and the Target options.
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The configurations you choose become the default settings for all projects.
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You do have opportunities to change them later when
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you configure the project (see the following section).
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</para>
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<para>
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To start, you need to do the following from within the Eclipse IDE:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>Choose <filename>Windows -> Preferences</filename> to display
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the Preferences Dialog</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Click <filename>Yocto ADT</filename></para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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<section id='configuring-the-cross-compiler-options'>
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<title>Configuring the Cross-Compiler Options</title>
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<para>
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To configure the Cross Compiler Options, you must select the type of toolchain,
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point to the toolchain, specify the sysroot location, and select the target architecture.
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para><emphasis>Selecting the Toolchain Type:</emphasis>
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Choose between <filename>Standalone pre-built toolchain</filename>
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and <filename>Build system derived toolchain</filename> for Cross
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Compiler Options.
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para><emphasis>
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<filename>Standalone Pre-built Toolchain:</filename></emphasis>
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Select this mode when you are using a stand-alone cross-toolchain.
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For example, suppose you are an application developer and do not
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need to build a target image.
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Instead, you just want to use an architecture-specific toolchain on an
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existing kernel and target root filesystem.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><emphasis>
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<filename>Build System Derived Toolchain:</filename></emphasis>
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Select this mode if the cross-toolchain has been installed and built
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as part of the Yocto Project build tree.
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When you select <filename>Build system derived toolchain</filename>,
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you are using the toolchain bundled
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inside the Yocto Project build tree.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><emphasis>Point to the Toolchain:</emphasis>
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If you are using a stand-alone pre-built toolchain, you should be pointing to the
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<filename>/opt/poky/$SDKVERSION</filename> directory.
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This is the location for toolchains installed by the ADT Installer or by hand.
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Sections <link linkend='configuring-and-running-the-adt-installer-script'>
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Configuring and Running the ADT Installer Script</link> and
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<link linkend='using-an-existing-toolchain-tarball'>
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Using a Cross-Toolchain Tarball</link> describe two ways to install
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a stand-alone cross-toolchain in the
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<filename>/opt/poky</filename> directory.
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<note>It is possible to install a stand-alone cross-toolchain in a directory
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other than <filename>/opt/poky</filename>.
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However, doing so is discouraged.</note></para>
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<para>If you are using a system-derived toolchain, the path you provide
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for the <filename>Toolchain Root Location</filename>
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field is the Yocto Project's build directory.
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See section <link linkend='using-the-toolchain-from-within-the-build-tree'>
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Using BitBake and the Yocto Project Build Tree</link> for
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information on how to install the toolchain into the Yocto
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Project build tree.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><emphasis>Specify the Sysroot Location:</emphasis>
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This location is where the root filesystem for the
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target hardware is created on the development system by the ADT Installer.
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The QEMU user-space tools, the
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NFS boot process, and the cross-toolchain all use the sysroot location.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><emphasis>Select the Target Architecture:</emphasis>
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The target architecture is the type of hardware you are
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going to use or emulate.
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Use the pull-down <filename>Target Architecture</filename> menu to make
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your selection.
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The pull-down menu should have the supported architectures.
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If the architecture you need is not listed in the menu, you
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will need to build the image.
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See the
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<ulink url='http://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/1.1/yocto-project-qs/yocto-project-qs.html#building-image'> Building an Image</ulink> section of the
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<ulink url='http://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/1.1/yocto-project-qs/yocto-project-qs.html'>
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The Yocto Project Quick Start</ulink> for more information.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='configuring-the-target-options'>
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<title>Configuring the Target Options</title>
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<para>
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You can choose to emulate hardware using the QEMU emulator, or you
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can choose to run your image on actual hardware.
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para><emphasis><filename>QEMU:</filename></emphasis> Select this option if
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you will be using the QEMU emulator.
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If you are using the emulator, you also need to locate the kernel
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and specify any custom options.</para>
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<para>If you selected <filename>Build system derived toolchain</filename>,
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the target kernel you built will be located in the
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Yocto Project build tree in <filename>tmp/deploy/images</filename> directory.
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If you selected <filename>Standalone pre-built toolchain</filename>, the
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pre-built image you downloaded is located
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in the directory you specified when you downloaded the image.</para>
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<para>Most custom options are for advanced QEMU users to further
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customize their QEMU instance.
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These options are specified between paired angled brackets.
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Some options must be specified outside the brackets.
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In particular, the options <filename>serial</filename>,
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<filename>nographic</filename>, and <filename>kvm</filename> must all
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be outside the brackets.
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Use the <filename>man qemu</filename> command to get help on all the options
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and their use.
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The following is an example:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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serial ‘<-m 256 -full-screen>’
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</literallayout></para>
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<para>
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Regardless of the mode, Sysroot is already defined as part of the
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Cross Compiler Options configuration in the
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<filename>Sysroot Location:</filename> field.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><emphasis><filename>External HW:</filename></emphasis> Select this option
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if you will be using actual hardware.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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<para>
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Click the <filename>OK</filename> button to save your plug-in configurations.
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</para>
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</section>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section id='creating-the-project'>
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<title>Creating the Project</title>
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<para>
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You can create two types of projects: Autotools-based, or Makefile-based.
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This section describes how to create Autotools-based projects from within
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the Eclipse IDE.
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For information on creating Makefile-based projects in a terminal window, see the section
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<link linkend='using-the-command-line'>Using the Command Line</link>.
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</para>
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<para>
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To create a project based on a Yocto template and then display the source code,
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follow these steps:
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem><para>Select <filename>File -> New -> Project</filename>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Double click <filename>CC++</filename>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Double click <filename>C Project</filename> to create the project.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Expand <filename>Yocto ADT Project</filename>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Select <filename>Hello World ANSI C Autotools Project</filename>.
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This is an Autotools-based project based on a Yocto Project template.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Put a name in the <filename>Project name:</filename> field.
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Do not use hyphens as part of the name.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Click <filename>Next</filename>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Add information in the <filename>Author</filename> and
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<filename>Copyright notice</filename> fields.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Be sure the <filename>License</filename> field is correct.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Click <filename>Finish</filename>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>If the "open perspective" prompt appears, click "Yes" so that you
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in the C/C++ perspective.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>The left-hand navigation pane shows your project.
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You can display your source by double clicking the project's source file.
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</para></listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='configuring-the-cross-toolchains'>
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<title>Configuring the Cross-Toolchains</title>
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<para>
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The previous section, <link linkend='configuring-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>
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Configuring the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</link>, sets up the default project
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configurations.
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You can change these settings for a given project by following these steps:
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem><para>Select <filename>Window -> Preferences</filename>:
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This selection brings up the <filename>Preferences</filename> Dialog.
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If the Yocto ADT Preferences are not automatically displayed, you can navigate to
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that dialog by selection <filename>Yocto ADT</filename> in the left-hand
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panel.</para>
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<para>Yocto ADT Settings are inherited from the default project configuration.
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The information in this dialog is identical to that chosen earlier
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for the Cross Compiler Options and Target Options as described in the
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<link linkend='configuring-the-eclipse-yocto-plug-in'>
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Configuring the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</link> section.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Select <filename>Project -> Reconfigure Project</filename>:
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This selection reconfigures the project by running
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<filename>autogen.sh</filename> in the workspace for your project.
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The script also runs <filename>libtoolize</filename>, <filename>aclocal</filename>,
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<filename>autoconf</filename>, <filename>autoheader</filename>,
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<filename>automake --a</filename>, and
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<filename>./configure</filename>.</para></listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='building-the-project'>
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<title>Building the Project</title>
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<para>
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To build the project, select <filename>Project -> Build Project</filename>.
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The console should update and you can note the cross-compiler you are using.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='starting-qemu-in-user-space-nfs-mode'>
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<title>Starting QEMU in User Space NFS Mode</title>
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<para>
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WRITER'S NOTE: I might need to make sure the target sysroot is pointing to qemux86-sato
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at this point.
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I am not sure it really inherits it from the Eclipse IDE settings.
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</para>
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<para>
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To start the QEMU emulator from within Eclipse, follow these steps:
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem><para>Expose the <filename>Run -> External Tools -> External Tools
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Configurations...</filename> menu.
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Your image should appear as a selectable menu item.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Select your image in the navigation pane to launch the
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emulator in a new window.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Enter your host root password in the shell window at the prompt.
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This sets up a <filename>Tap 0</filename> connection needed for running in user-space
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NFS mode.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Wait for QEMU to launch.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Once QEMU launches you need to determine the IP Address
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for the user-space NFS.
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You can do that by going to a terminal in the QEMU and entering the
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<filename>ifconfig</filename> command.</para></listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='deploying-and-debugging-the-application'>
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<title>Deploying and Debugging the Application</title>
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<para>
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Once the QEMU emulator is running the image, you can deploy your application and use the emulator
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to perform debugging.
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Follow these steps to deploy the application.
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem><para>Select <filename>Run -> Debug Configurations...</filename></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>In the left area, expand <filename>C/C++Remote Application</filename>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Locate your project and select it to bring up a new
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||
tabbed view in the <filename>Debug Configurations</filename> Dialog.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para>Enter the absolute path into which you want to deploy
|
||
the application.
|
||
Use the <filename>Remote Absolute File Path for C/C++Application:</filename> field.
|
||
For example, enter <filename>/usr/bin/<programname></filename>.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para>Click on the <filename>Debugger</filename> tab to see the cross-tool debugger
|
||
you are using.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para>Click on the <filename>Main</filename> tab.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para>Create a new connection to the QEMU instance
|
||
by clicking on <filename>new</filename>.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para>Select <filename>TCF</filename>, which means Target Communication
|
||
Framework.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para>Click <filename>Next</filename>.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para>Clear out the <filename>host name</filename> field and enter the IP Address
|
||
determined earlier.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para>Click <filename>Finish</filename> to close the new connections
|
||
Dialog.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para>Use the drop-down menu now in the <filename>Connection</filename> field and pick
|
||
the IP Address you entered.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para>Click <filename>Debug</filename> to bring up a login screen
|
||
and login.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para>Accept the debug perspective.</para></listitem>
|
||
</orderedlist>
|
||
</para>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section id='running-user-space-tools'>
|
||
<title>Running User-Space Tools</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
As mentioned earlier in the manual, several tools exist that enhance
|
||
your development experience.
|
||
These tools are aids in developing and debugging applications and images.
|
||
You can run these user-space tools from within the Eclipse IDE through the
|
||
<filename>Window -> YoctoTools</filename> menu.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
Once you pick a tool, you need to configure it for the remote target.
|
||
Every tool needs to have the connection configured.
|
||
You must select an existing TCF-based RSE connection to the remote target.
|
||
If one does not exist, click <filename>New</filename> to create one.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>
|
||
Here are some specifics about the remote tools:
|
||
<itemizedlist>
|
||
<listitem><para><emphasis><filename>OProfile</filename>:</emphasis> Selecting this tool causes
|
||
the <filename>oprofile-server</filename> on the remote target to launch on
|
||
the local host machine.
|
||
The <filename>oprofile-viewer</filename> must be installed on the local host machine and the
|
||
<filename>oprofile-server</filename> must be installed on the remote target,
|
||
respectively, in order to use.
|
||
You must compile and install the <filename>oprofile-viewer</filename> from the source code
|
||
on your local host machine.
|
||
Furthermore, in order to convert the target's sample format data into a form that the
|
||
host can use, you must have <filename>oprofile</filename> version 0.9.4 or
|
||
greater installed on the host.</para>
|
||
<para>You can locate both the viewer and server from
|
||
<ulink url='http://git.yoctoproject.org/cgit/cgit.cgi/oprofileui/'></ulink>.
|
||
<note>The <filename>oprofile-server</filename> is installed by default on
|
||
the <filename>core-image-sato-sdk</filename> image.</note></para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para><emphasis><filename>Lttng-ust</filename>:</emphasis> Selecting this tool runs
|
||
<filename>usttrace</filename> on the remote target, transfers the output data back to the
|
||
local host machine, and uses <filename>lttv-gui</filename> to graphically display the output.
|
||
The <filename>lttv-gui</filename> must be installed on the local host machine to use this tool.
|
||
For information on how to use <filename>lttng</filename> to trace an application, see
|
||
<ulink url='http://lttng.org/files/ust/manual/ust.html'></ulink>.</para>
|
||
<para>For <filename>Application</filename>, you must supply the absolute path name of the
|
||
application to be traced by user mode <filename>lttng</filename>.
|
||
For example, typing <filename>/path/to/foo</filename> triggers
|
||
<filename>usttrace /path/to/foo</filename> on the remote target to trace the
|
||
program <filename>/path/to/foo</filename>.</para>
|
||
<para><filename>Argument</filename> is passed to <filename>usttrace</filename>
|
||
running on the remote target.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para><emphasis><filename>PowerTOP</filename>:</emphasis> Selecting this tool runs
|
||
<filename>powertop</filename> on the remote target machine and displays the results in a
|
||
new view called <filename>powertop</filename>.</para>
|
||
<para><filename>Time to gather data(sec):</filename> is the time passed in seconds before data
|
||
is gathered from the remote target for analysis.</para>
|
||
<para><filename>show pids in wakeups list:</filename> corresponds to the
|
||
<filename>-p</filename> argument
|
||
passed to <filename>powertop</filename>.</para></listitem>
|
||
<listitem><para><emphasis><filename>LatencyTOP and Perf</filename>:</emphasis>
|
||
<filename>latencytop</filename> identifies system latency, while
|
||
<filename>perf</filename> monitors the system's
|
||
performance counter registers.
|
||
Selecting either of these tools causes an RSE terminal view to appear
|
||
from which you can run the tools.
|
||
Both tools refresh the entire screen to display results while they run.</para></listitem>
|
||
</itemizedlist>
|
||
</para>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
</chapter>
|
||
<!--
|
||
vim: expandtab tw=80 ts=4
|
||
-->
|