697 lines
32 KiB
XML
697 lines
32 KiB
XML
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
|
|
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"
|
|
[<!ENTITY % poky SYSTEM "../poky.ent"> %poky; ] >
|
|
|
|
<chapter id='usingpoky'>
|
|
<title>Using the Yocto Project</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This chapter describes common usage for the Yocto Project.
|
|
The information is introductory in nature as other manuals in the Yocto Project
|
|
documentation set provide more details on how to use the Yocto Project.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-build'>
|
|
<title>Running a Build</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This section provides a summary of the build process and provides information
|
|
for less obvious aspects of the build process.
|
|
For general information on how to build an image using the OpenEmbedded build
|
|
system, see the
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_QS_URL;#building-image'>Building an Image</ulink>"
|
|
section of the Yocto Project Quick Start.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section id='build-overview'>
|
|
<title>Build Overview</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The first thing you need to do is set up the OpenEmbedded build environment by sourcing
|
|
the <link linkend='structure-core-script'>environment setup script</link> as follows:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ source &OE_INIT_FILE; [<build_dir>]
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <filename>build_dir</filename> is optional and specifies the directory the
|
|
OpenEmbedded build system uses for the build -
|
|
the <ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>.
|
|
If you do not specify a Build Directory, it defaults to <filename>build</filename>
|
|
in your current working directory.
|
|
A common practice is to use a different Build Directory for different targets.
|
|
For example, <filename>~/build/x86</filename> for a <filename>qemux86</filename>
|
|
target, and <filename>~/build/arm</filename> for a <filename>qemuarm</filename> target.
|
|
See the "<link linkend="structure-core-script"><filename>&OE_INIT_FILE;</filename></link>"
|
|
section for more information on this script.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Once the build environment is set up, you can build a target using:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake <target>
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <filename>target</filename> is the name of the recipe you want to build.
|
|
Common targets are the images in <filename>meta/recipes-core/images</filename>,
|
|
<filename>/meta/recipes-sato/images</filename>, etc. all found in the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#source-directory'>Source Directory</ulink>.
|
|
Or, the target can be the name of a recipe for a specific piece of software such as
|
|
BusyBox.
|
|
For more details about the images the OpenEmbedded build system supports, see the
|
|
"<link linkend="ref-images">Images</link>" chapter.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
Building an image without GNU General Public License Version 3 (GPLv3) components
|
|
is only supported for minimal and base images.
|
|
See the "<link linkend='ref-images'>Images</link>" chapter for more information.
|
|
</note>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='building-an-image-using-gpl-components'>
|
|
<title>Building an Image Using GPL Components</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
When building an image using GPL components, you need to maintain your original
|
|
settings and not switch back and forth applying different versions of the GNU
|
|
General Public License.
|
|
If you rebuild using different versions of GPL, dependency errors might occur
|
|
due to some components not being rebuilt.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-install'>
|
|
<title>Installing and Using the Result</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Once an image has been built, it often needs to be installed.
|
|
The images and kernels built by the OpenEmbedded build system are placed in the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink> in
|
|
<filename class="directory">tmp/deploy/images</filename>.
|
|
For information on how to run pre-built images such as <filename>qemux86</filename>
|
|
and <filename>qemuarm</filename>, see the
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_QS_URL;#using-pre-built'>Using Pre-Built Binaries and QEMU</ulink>"
|
|
section in the Yocto Project Quick Start.
|
|
For information about how to install these images, see the documentation for your
|
|
particular board or machine.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging'>
|
|
<title>Debugging Build Failures</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The exact method for debugging build failures depends on the nature of the
|
|
problem and on the system's area from which the bug originates.
|
|
Standard debugging practices such as comparison against the last
|
|
known working version with examination of the changes and the re-application of steps
|
|
to identify the one causing the problem are
|
|
valid for the Yocto Project just as they are for any other system.
|
|
Even though it is impossible to detail every possible potential failure,
|
|
this section provides some general tips to aid in debugging.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
For discussions on debugging, see the
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#platdev-gdb-remotedebug'>Debugging With the GNU Project Debugger (GDB) Remotely</ulink>"
|
|
and
|
|
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#adt-eclipse'>Working within Eclipse</ulink>"
|
|
sections in the Yocto Project Development Manual.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-taskfailures'>
|
|
<title>Task Failures</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The log file for shell tasks is available in
|
|
<filename>${WORKDIR}/temp/log.do_taskname.pid</filename>.
|
|
For example, the <filename>compile</filename> task for the QEMU minimal image for the x86
|
|
machine (<filename>qemux86</filename>) might be
|
|
<filename>tmp/work/qemux86-poky-linux/core-image-minimal/1.0-r0/temp/log.do_compile.20830</filename>.
|
|
To see what BitBake runs to generate that log, look at the corresponding
|
|
<filename>run.do_taskname.pid</filename> file located in the same directory.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Presently, the output from Python tasks is sent directly to the console.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-taskrunning'>
|
|
<title>Running Specific Tasks</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Any given package consists of a set of tasks.
|
|
The standard BitBake behavior in most cases is: <filename>fetch</filename>,
|
|
<filename>unpack</filename>,
|
|
<filename>patch</filename>, <filename>configure</filename>,
|
|
<filename>compile</filename>, <filename>install</filename>, <filename>package</filename>,
|
|
<filename>package_write</filename>, and <filename>build</filename>.
|
|
The default task is <filename>build</filename> and any tasks on which it depends
|
|
build first.
|
|
Some tasks exist, such as <filename>devshell</filename>, that are not part of the
|
|
default build chain.
|
|
If you wish to run a task that is not part of the default build chain, you can use the
|
|
<filename>-c</filename> option in BitBake.
|
|
Here is an example:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop -c devshell
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you wish to rerun a task, use the <filename>-f</filename> force option.
|
|
For example, the following sequence forces recompilation after changing files in the
|
|
working directory.
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
[make some changes to the source code in the working directory]
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop -c compile -f
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
This sequence first builds and then recompiles
|
|
<filename>matchbox-desktop</filename>.
|
|
The last command reruns all tasks (basically the packaging tasks) after the compile.
|
|
BitBake recognizes that the <filename>compile</filename> task was rerun and therefore
|
|
understands that the other tasks also need to be run again.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can view a list of tasks in a given package by running the
|
|
<filename>listtasks</filename> task as follows:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ bitbake matchbox-desktop -c listtasks
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
The results are in the file <filename>${WORKDIR}/temp/log.do_listtasks</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-dependencies'>
|
|
<title>Dependency Graphs</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Sometimes it can be hard to see why BitBake wants to build some other packages before a given
|
|
package you have specified.
|
|
The <filename>bitbake -g targetname</filename> command creates the
|
|
<filename>depends.dot</filename>, <filename>package-depends.dot</filename>,
|
|
and <filename>task-depends.dot</filename> files in the current directory.
|
|
These files show the package and task dependencies and are useful for debugging problems.
|
|
You can use the <filename>bitbake -g -u depexp targetname</filename> command to
|
|
display the results in a more human-readable form.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-bitbake'>
|
|
<title>General BitBake Problems</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can see debug output from BitBake by using the <filename>-D</filename> option.
|
|
The debug output gives more information about what BitBake
|
|
is doing and the reason behind it.
|
|
Each <filename>-D</filename> option you use increases the logging level.
|
|
The most common usage is <filename>-DDD</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The output from <filename>bitbake -DDD -v targetname</filename> can reveal why
|
|
BitBake chose a certain version of a package or why BitBake
|
|
picked a certain provider.
|
|
This command could also help you in a situation where you think BitBake did something
|
|
unexpected.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='development-host-system-issues'>
|
|
<title>Development Host System Issues</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Sometimes issues on the host development system can cause your
|
|
build to fail.
|
|
Following are known, host-specific problems.
|
|
Be sure to always consult the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_HOME_URL;/download/yocto/yocto-project-&DISTRO;-release-notes-poky-&POKYVERSION;'>Release Notes</ulink>
|
|
for a look at all release-related issues.
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis><filename>eglibc-initial</filename> fails to build</emphasis>:
|
|
If your development host system has the unpatched
|
|
<filename>GNU Make 3.82</filename>,
|
|
the <filename>do_install</filename> task
|
|
fails for <filename>eglibc-initial</filename> during the
|
|
build.</para>
|
|
<para>Typically, every distribution that ships
|
|
<filename>GNU Make 3.82</filename> as
|
|
the default already has the patched version.
|
|
However, some distributions, such as Debian, have
|
|
<filename>GNU Make 3.82</filename> as an option, which
|
|
is unpatched.
|
|
You will see this error on these types of distributions.
|
|
Switch to <filename>GNU Make 3.81</filename> or patch
|
|
your <filename>make</filename> to solve the problem.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-buildfile'>
|
|
<title>Building with No Dependencies</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you really want to build a specific <filename>.bb</filename> file, you can use
|
|
the command form <filename>bitbake -b <somepath/somefile.bb></filename>.
|
|
This command form does not check for dependencies so you should use it
|
|
only when you know its dependencies already exist.
|
|
You can also specify fragments of the filename.
|
|
In this case, BitBake checks for a unique match.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-variables'>
|
|
<title>Variables</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can use the <filename>-e</filename> BitBake option to
|
|
display the resulting environment for a configuration
|
|
when you do not specify a package or for a specific package when
|
|
you do specify the package.
|
|
If you want to show the environment resulting from parsing a single
|
|
recipe, use the <filename>-b recipename</filename> form.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='recipe-logging-mechanisms'>
|
|
<title>Recipe Logging Mechanisms</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Best practices exist while writing recipes that both log build progress and
|
|
act on build conditions such as warnings and errors.
|
|
Both Python and Bash language bindings exist for the logging mechanism:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>Python:</emphasis> For Python functions, BitBake
|
|
supports several loglevels: <filename>bb.fatal</filename>,
|
|
<filename>bb.error</filename>, <filename>bb.warn</filename>,
|
|
<filename>bb.note</filename>, <filename>bb.plain</filename>,
|
|
and <filename>bb.debug</filename>.</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><emphasis>Bash:</emphasis> For Bash functions, the same set
|
|
of loglevels exist and are accessed with a similar syntax:
|
|
<filename>bbfatal</filename>, <filename>bberror</filename>,
|
|
<filename>bbwarn</filename>, <filename>bbnote</filename>,
|
|
<filename>bbplain</filename>, and <filename>bbdebug</filename>.</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
For guidance on how logging is handled in both Python and Bash recipes, see the
|
|
<filename>logging.bbclass</filename> file in the
|
|
<filename>meta/classes</filename> folder of the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#source-directory'>Source Directory</ulink>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section id='logging-with-python'>
|
|
<title>Logging With Python</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
When creating recipes using Python and inserting code that handles build logs,
|
|
keep in mind the goal is to have informative logs while keeping the console as
|
|
"silent" as possible.
|
|
Also, if you want status messages in the log, use the "debug" loglevel.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Following is an example written in Python.
|
|
The code handles logging for a function that determines the number of tasks
|
|
needed to be run:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
python do_listtasks() {
|
|
bb.debug(2, "Starting to figure out the task list")
|
|
if noteworthy_condition:
|
|
bb.note("There are 47 tasks to run")
|
|
bb.debug(2, "Got to point xyz")
|
|
if warning_trigger:
|
|
bb.warn("Detected warning_trigger, this might be a problem later.")
|
|
if recoverable_error:
|
|
bb.error("Hit recoverable_error, you really need to fix this!")
|
|
if fatal_error:
|
|
bb.fatal("fatal_error detected, unable to print the task list")
|
|
bb.plain("The tasks present are abc")
|
|
bb.debug(2, "Finished figuring out the tasklist")
|
|
}
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='logging-with-bash'>
|
|
<title>Logging With Bash</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
When creating recipes using Bash and inserting code that handles build
|
|
logs, you have the same goals - informative with minimal console output.
|
|
The syntax you use for recipes written in Bash is similar to that of
|
|
recipes written in Python described in the previous section.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Following is an example written in Bash.
|
|
The code logs the progress of the <filename>do_my_function</filename> function.
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
do_my_function() {
|
|
bbdebug 2 "Running do_my_function"
|
|
if [ exceptional_condition ]; then
|
|
bbnote "Hit exceptional_condition"
|
|
fi
|
|
bbdebug 2 "Got to point xyz"
|
|
if [ warning_trigger ]; then
|
|
bbwarn "Detected warning_trigger, this might cause a problem later."
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ recoverable_error ]; then
|
|
bberror "Hit recoverable_error, correcting"
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ fatal_error ]; then
|
|
bbfatal "fatal_error detected"
|
|
fi
|
|
bbdebug 2 "Completed do_my_function"
|
|
}
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='usingpoky-debugging-others'>
|
|
<title>Other Tips</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Here are some other tips that you might find useful:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>When adding new packages, it is worth watching for
|
|
undesirable items making their way into compiler command lines.
|
|
For example, you do not want references to local system files like
|
|
<filename>/usr/lib/</filename> or <filename>/usr/include/</filename>.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>If you want to remove the <filename>psplash</filename>
|
|
boot splashscreen,
|
|
add <filename>psplash=false</filename> to the kernel command line.
|
|
Doing so prevents <filename>psplash</filename> from loading
|
|
and thus allows you to see the console.
|
|
It is also possible to switch out of the splashscreen by
|
|
switching the virtual console (e.g. Fn+Left or Fn+Right on a Zaurus).
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='maintaining-build-output-quality'>
|
|
<title>Maintaining Build Output Quality</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Many factors can influence the quality of a build.
|
|
For example, if you upgrade a recipe to use a new version of an upstream software
|
|
package or you experiment with some new configuration options, subtle changes
|
|
can occur that you might not detect until later.
|
|
Consider the case where your recipe is using a newer version of an upstream package.
|
|
In this case, a new version of a piece of software might introduce an optional
|
|
dependency on another library, which is auto-detected.
|
|
If that library has already been built when the software is building,
|
|
the software will link to the built library and that library will be pulled
|
|
into your image along with the new software even if you did not want the
|
|
library.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <filename>buildhistory</filename> class exists to help you maintain
|
|
the quality of your build output.
|
|
You can use the class to highlight unexpected and possibly unwanted
|
|
changes in the build output.
|
|
When you enable build history, it records information about the contents of
|
|
each package and image and then commits that information to a local Git
|
|
repository where you can examine the information.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The remainder of this section describes the following:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>How you can enable and disable
|
|
build history</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>How to understand what the build history contains
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>How to limit the information used for build history
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>How to examine the build history from both a
|
|
command-line and web interface</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section id='enabling-and-disabling-build-history'>
|
|
<title>Enabling and Disabling Build History</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Build history is disabled by default.
|
|
To enable it, add the following statements to the end of your
|
|
<filename>conf/local.conf</filename> file found in the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
INHERIT += "buildhistory"
|
|
BUILDHISTORY_COMMIT = "1"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
Enabling build history as previously described
|
|
causes the build process to collect build
|
|
output information and commit it to a local
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#git'>Git</ulink> repository.
|
|
<note>
|
|
Enabling build history increases your build times slightly,
|
|
particularly for images, and increases the amount of disk
|
|
space used during the build.
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can disable build history by removing the previous statements
|
|
from your <filename>conf/local.conf</filename> file.
|
|
However, you should realize that enabling and disabling
|
|
build history in this manner can change the
|
|
<filename>do_package</filename> task checksums, which if you
|
|
are using the OEBasicHash signature generator (the default
|
|
for many current distro configurations including
|
|
<filename>DISTRO = "poky"</filename> and
|
|
<filename>DISTRO = ""</filename>) and will result in the packaging
|
|
tasks being re-run during the subsequent build.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To disable the build history functionality without causing the
|
|
packaging tasks to be re-run, add this statement to your
|
|
<filename>conf/local.conf</filename> file:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
BUILDHISTORY_FEATURES = ""
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='understanding-what-the-build-history-contains'>
|
|
<title>Understanding What the Build History Contains</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Build history information is kept in
|
|
<filename>$</filename><link linkend='var-TMPDIR'><filename>TMPDIR</filename></link><filename>/buildhistory</filename>
|
|
in the Build Directory.
|
|
The following is an example abbreviated listing:
|
|
<imagedata fileref="figures/buildhistory.png" align="center" width="6in" depth="4in" />
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<section id='build-history-package-information'>
|
|
<title>Build History Package Information</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The history for each package contains a text file that has
|
|
name-value pairs with information about the package.
|
|
For example, <filename>buildhistory/packages/core2-poky-linux/busybox/busybox/latest</filename>
|
|
contains the following:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
PV = 1.19.3
|
|
PR = r3
|
|
RDEPENDS = update-rc.d eglibc (>= 2.13)
|
|
RRECOMMENDS = busybox-syslog busybox-udhcpc
|
|
PKGSIZE = 564701
|
|
FILES = /usr/bin/* /usr/sbin/* /usr/libexec/* /usr/lib/lib*.so.* \
|
|
/etc /com /var /bin/* /sbin/* /lib/*.so.* /usr/share/busybox \
|
|
/usr/lib/busybox/* /usr/share/pixmaps /usr/share/applications \
|
|
/usr/share/idl /usr/share/omf /usr/share/sounds /usr/lib/bonobo/servers
|
|
FILELIST = /etc/busybox.links /etc/init.d/hwclock.sh /bin/busybox /bin/sh
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
Most of these name-value pairs correspond to variables used
|
|
to produce the package.
|
|
The exceptions are <filename>FILELIST</filename>, which is the
|
|
actual list of files in the package, and
|
|
<filename>PKGSIZE</filename>, which is the total size of files
|
|
in the package in bytes.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
There is also a file corresponding to the recipe from which the
|
|
package came (e.g.
|
|
<filename>buildhistory/packages/core2-poky-linux/busybox/latest</filename>):
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
PV = 1.19.3
|
|
PR = r3
|
|
DEPENDS = virtual/i586-poky-linux-gcc virtual/i586-poky-linux-compilerlibs \
|
|
virtual/libc update-rc.d-native
|
|
PACKAGES = busybox-httpd busybox-udhcpd busybox-udhcpc busybox-syslog \
|
|
busybox-mdev busybox-dbg busybox busybox-doc busybox-dev \
|
|
busybox-staticdev busybox-locale
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='build-history-image-information'>
|
|
<title>Build History Image Information</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The files produced for each image are as follows:
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>build-id:</filename>
|
|
Human-readable information about the build configuration
|
|
and metadata source revisions.</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>*.dot:</filename>
|
|
Dependency graphs for the image that are
|
|
compatible with <filename>graphviz</filename>.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>files-in-image.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of files in the image with permissions,
|
|
owner, group, size, and symlink information.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>image-info.txt:</filename>
|
|
A text file containing name-value pairs with information
|
|
about the image.
|
|
See the following listing example for more information.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>installed-package-names.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of installed packages by name only.</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>installed-package-sizes.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of installed packages ordered by size.
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para><filename>installed-packages.txt:</filename>
|
|
A list of installed packages with full package
|
|
filenames.</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
<note>
|
|
Installed package information is able to be gathered and
|
|
produced even if package management is disabled for the final
|
|
image.
|
|
</note>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Here is an example of <filename>image-info.txt</filename>:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
DISTRO = poky
|
|
DISTRO_VERSION = 1.1+snapshot-20120207
|
|
USER_CLASSES = image-mklibs image-prelink
|
|
IMAGE_CLASSES = image_types
|
|
IMAGE_FEATURES = debug-tweaks x11-base apps-x11-core \
|
|
package-management ssh-server-dropbear package-management
|
|
IMAGE_LINGUAS = en-us en-gb
|
|
IMAGE_INSTALL = task-core-boot task-base-extended
|
|
BAD_RECOMMENDATIONS =
|
|
ROOTFS_POSTPROCESS_COMMAND = buildhistory_get_image_installed ; rootfs_update_timestamp ;
|
|
IMAGE_POSTPROCESS_COMMAND = buildhistory_get_imageinfo ;
|
|
IMAGESIZE = 171816
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
Other than <filename>IMAGESIZE</filename>, which is the
|
|
total size of the files in the image in Kbytes, the
|
|
name-value pairs are variables that may have influenced the
|
|
content of the image.
|
|
This information is often useful when you are trying to determine
|
|
why a change in the package or file listings has occurred.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='using-build-history-to-gather-image-information-only'>
|
|
<title>Using Build History to Gather Image Information Only</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
As you can see, build history produces image information,
|
|
including dependency graphs, so you can see why something
|
|
was pulled into the image.
|
|
If you are just interested in this information and not
|
|
interested in collecting history or any package information,
|
|
you can enable writing only image information without
|
|
any history by adding the following
|
|
to your <filename>conf/local.conf</filename> file found in the
|
|
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
INHERIT += "buildhistory"
|
|
BUILDHISTORY_COMMIT = "0"
|
|
BUILDHISTORY_FEATURES = "image"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='examining-build-history-information'>
|
|
<title>Examining Build History Information</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You can examine build history output from the command line or
|
|
from a web interface.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To see any changes that have occurred (assuming you have
|
|
<filename>BUILDHISTORY_COMMIT = "1"</filename>), you can simply
|
|
use any Git command that allows you to view the history of
|
|
a repository.
|
|
Here is one method:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ git log -p
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
You need to realize, however, that this method does show
|
|
changes that are not significant (e.g. a package's size
|
|
changing by a few bytes).
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
A command-line tool called <filename>buildhistory-diff</filename>
|
|
does exist, though, that queries the Git repository and prints just
|
|
the differences that might be significant in human-readable form.
|
|
Here is an example:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ ~/poky/poky/scripts/buildhistory-diff . HEAD^
|
|
Changes to images/qemux86_64/eglibc/core-image-minimal (files-in-image.txt):
|
|
/etc/anotherpkg.conf was added
|
|
/sbin/anotherpkg was added
|
|
* (installed-package-names.txt):
|
|
* anotherpkg was added
|
|
Changes to images/qemux86_64/eglibc/core-image-minimal (installed-package-names.txt):
|
|
anotherpkg was added
|
|
packages/qemux86_64-poky-linux/v86d: PACKAGES: added "v86d-extras"
|
|
* PR changed from "r0" to "r1"
|
|
* PV changed from "0.1.10" to "0.1.12"
|
|
packages/qemux86_64-poky-linux/v86d/v86d: PKGSIZE changed from 110579 to 144381 (+30%)
|
|
* PR changed from "r0" to "r1"
|
|
* PV changed from "0.1.10" to "0.1.12"
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To see changes to the build history using a web interface, follow
|
|
the instruction in the <filename>README</filename> file here.
|
|
<ulink url='http://git.yoctoproject.org/cgit/cgit.cgi/buildhistory-web/'></ulink>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Here is a sample screenshot of the interface:
|
|
<imagedata fileref="figures/buildhistory-web.png" align="center" scalefit="1" width="130%" contentdepth="130%" />
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
<!--
|
|
vim: expandtab tw=80 ts=4
|
|
-->
|