458 lines
26 KiB
XML
458 lines
26 KiB
XML
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<chapter id='adt-prepare'>
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<title>Preparing to Use the Application Development Toolkit (ADT)</title>
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<para>
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In order to use the ADT, you must install it, <filename>source</filename> a script to set up the
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environment, and be sure both the kernel and filesystem image specific to the target architecture
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exist.
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This chapter describes how to be sure you meet the ADT requirements.
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</para>
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<section id='installing-the-adt'>
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<title>Installing the ADT</title>
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<para>
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The following list describes how you can install the ADT, which includes the cross-toolchain.
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Regardless of the installation you choose, you must <filename>source</filename> the cross-toolchain
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environment setup script before you use the toolchain.
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See the "<link linkend='setting-up-the-cross-development-environment'>Setting Up the
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Cross-Development Environment</link>"
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section for more information.
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para><emphasis>Use the ADT Installer Script:</emphasis>
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This method is the recommended way to install the ADT because it
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automates much of the process for you.
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For example, you can configure the installation to install the QEMU emulator
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and the user-space NFS, specify which root filesystem profiles to download,
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and define the target sysroot location.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><emphasis>Use an Existing Toolchain Tarball:</emphasis>
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Using this method, you select and download an architecture-specific
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toolchain tarball and then hand-install the toolchain.
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If you use this method, you just get the cross-toolchain and QEMU - you do not
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get any of the other mentioned benefits had you run the ADT Installer script.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><emphasis>Use the Toolchain from within a Yocto Project Build Tree:</emphasis>
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If you already have a Yocto Project build tree, you can build the cross-toolchain
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within tree.
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However, like the previous method mentioned, you only get the cross-toolchain and QEMU - you
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do not get any of the other benefits without taking separate steps.</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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<section id='using-the-adt-installer'>
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<title>Using the ADT Installer</title>
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<para>
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To run the ADT Installer, you need to first get the ADT Installer tarball and then run the ADT
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Installer Script.
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</para>
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<section id='getting-the-adt-installer-tarball'>
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<title>Getting the ADT Installer Tarball</title>
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<para>
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The ADT Installer is contained in the ADT Installer tarball.
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You can download the tarball into any directory from the
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<ulink url='http://downloads.yoctoproject.org/releases'>Index of Releases</ulink>, specifically
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at
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<ulink url='http://downloads.yoctoproject.org/releases/yocto/yocto-1.1.1/adt_installer'></ulink>.
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Or, you can use BitBake to generate the tarball inside the existing Yocto Project
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build tree.
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</para>
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<para>
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If you use BitBake to generate the ADT Installer tarball, you must
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<filename>source</filename> the Yocto Project environment setup script
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(<filename>oe-init-build-env</filename>) located
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in the Yocto Project file structure before running the <filename>bitbake</filename>
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command that creates the tarball.
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</para>
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<para>
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The following example commands download the Yocto Project release tarball, set up the Yocto
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Project files structure, set up the environment while also creating the
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default Yocto Project build tree,
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and run the <filename>bitbake</filename> command that results in the tarball
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<filename>~/yocto-project/build/tmp/deploy/sdk/adt_installer.tar.bz2</filename>:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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$ cd ~
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$ mkdir yocto-project
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$ cd yocto-project
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$ wget http://downloads.yoctoproject.org/releases/yocto/yocto-1.1.1/poky-edison-6.0.1.tar.bz2
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$ tar xjf poky-edison-6.0.1.tar.bz2
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$ source poky-edison-6.0.1/oe-init-build-env
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$ bitbake adt-installer
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</literallayout>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='configuring-and-running-the-adt-installer-script'>
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<title>Configuring and Running the ADT Installer Script</title>
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<para>
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Before running the ADT Installer script, you need to unpack the tarball.
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You can unpack the tarball in any directory you wish.
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For example, this command copies the ADT Installer tarball from where
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it was built into the home directory and then unpacks the tarball into
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a top-level directory named <filename>adt-installer</filename>:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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$ cd ~
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$ cp ~/yocto-project/build/tmp/deploy/sdk/adt_installer.tar.bz2 $HOME
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$ tar -xjf adt_installer.tar.bz2
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</literallayout>
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Unpacking it creates the directory <filename>adt-installer</filename>,
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which contains the ADT Installer script (<filename>adt_installer</filename>)
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and its configuration file (<filename>adt_installer.conf</filename>).
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</para>
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<para>
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Before you run the script, however, you should examine the ADT Installer configuration
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file and be sure you are going to get what you want.
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Your configurations determine which kernel and filesystem image are downloaded.
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</para>
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<para>
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The following list describes the configurations you can define for the ADT Installer.
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For configuration values and restrictions, see the comments in
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the <filename>adt-installer.conf</filename> file:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_REPO</filename>: This area
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includes the IPKG-based packages and the root filesystem upon which
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the installation is based.
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If you want to set up your own IPKG repository pointed to by
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<filename>YOCTOADT_REPO</filename>, you need to be sure that the
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directory structure follows the same layout as the reference directory
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set up at <ulink url='http://adtrepo.yoctoproject.org'></ulink>.
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Also, your repository needs to be accessible through HTTP.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_TARGETS</filename>: The machine
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target architectures for which you want to set up cross-development
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environments.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_QEMU</filename>: Indicates whether
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or not to install the emulator QEMU.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_NFS_UTIL</filename>: Indicates whether
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or not to install user-mode NFS.
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If you plan to use the Yocto Eclipse IDE plug-in against QEMU,
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you should install NFS.
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<note>To boot QEMU images using our userspace NFS server, you need
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to be running <filename>portmap</filename> or <filename>rpcbind</filename>.
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If you are running <filename>rpcbind</filename>, you will also need to add the
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<filename>-i</filename> option when <filename>rpcbind</filename> starts up.
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Please make sure you understand the security implications of doing this.
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You might also have to modify your firewall settings to allow
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NFS booting to work.</note></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_ROOTFS_<arch></filename>: The root
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filesystem images you want to download from the
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<filename>YOCTOADT_IPKG_REPO</filename> repository.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_TARGET_SYSROOT_IMAGE_<arch></filename>: The
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particular root filesystem used to extract and create the target sysroot.
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The value of this variable must have been specified with
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<filename>YOCTOADT_ROOTFS_<arch></filename>.
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For example, if you downloaded both <filename>minimal</filename> and
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<filename>sato-sdk</filename> images by setting
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<filename>YOCTOADT_ROOTFS_<arch></filename>
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to "minimal sato-sdk", then <filename>YOCTOADT_ROOTFS_<arch></filename>
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must be set to either <filename>minimal</filename> or
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<filename>sato-sdk</filename>.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para><filename>YOCTOADT_TARGET_SYSROOT_LOC_<arch></filename>: The
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location on the development host where the target sysroot is created.
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</para></listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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<para>
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After you have configured the <filename>adt_installer.conf</filename> file,
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run the installer for this example using the following commands:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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$ cd ~/adt-installer
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$ ./adt_installer
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</literallayout>
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</para>
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<note>
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The ADT Installer requires the <filename>libtool</filename> package to complete.
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If you install the recommended packages as described in the
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"<ulink url='http://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/1.1.1/yocto-project-qs/yocto-project-qs.html#packages'>Packages</ulink>"
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section of
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<ulink url='http://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/1.1.1/yocto-project-qs/yocto-project-qs.html'>
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The Yocto Project Quick Start</ulink>, then you will have libtool installed.
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</note>
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<para>
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Once the installer begins to run, you are asked whether you want to run in
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interactive or silent mode.
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If you want to closely monitor the installation, choose “I” for interactive
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mode rather than “S” for silent mode.
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Follow the prompts from the script to complete the installation.
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</para>
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<para>
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Once the installation completes, the ADT, which includes the cross-toolchain, is installed.
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You will notice environment setup files for the cross-toolchain in
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<filename>/opt/poky/1.1.1</filename>,
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and image tarballs in the <filename>adt-installer</filename>
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directory according to your installer configurations, and the target sysroot located
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according to the <filename>YOCTOADT_TARGET_SYSROOT_LOC_<arch></filename> variable
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also in your configuration file.
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</para>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section id='using-an-existing-toolchain-tarball'>
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<title>Using a Cross-Toolchain Tarball</title>
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<para>
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If you want to simply install the cross-toolchain by hand, you can do so by using an existing
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cross-toolchain tarball.
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If you use this method to install the cross-toolchain and you still need to install the target
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sysroot, you will have to install sysroot separately.
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</para>
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<para>
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Follow these steps:
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem><para>Go to
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<ulink url='http://downloads.yoctoproject.org/releases/yocto/yocto-1.1.1/toolchain'></ulink>
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and find the folder that matches your host development system
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(i.e. <filename>i686</filename> for 32-bit machines or
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<filename>x86_64</filename> for 64-bit machines).</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Go into that folder and download the toolchain tarball whose name
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includes the appropriate target architecture.
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For example, if your host development system is an Intel-based 64-bit system and
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you are going to use your cross-toolchain for an Intel-based 32-bit target, go into the
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<filename>x86_64</filename> folder and download the following tarball:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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poky-eglibc-x86_64-i586-toolchain-1.1.1.tar.bz2
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</literallayout>
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<note><para>As an alternative to steps one and two, you can build the toolchain tarball
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if you have a Yocto Project build tree.
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If you need GMAE, you should use the <filename>bitbake meta-toolchain-gmae</filename>
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command.
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The resulting tarball will support such development.
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However, if you are not concerned with GMAE,
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you can generate the tarball using <filename>bitbake meta-toolchain</filename>.</para>
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<para>Use the appropriate <filename>bitbake</filename> command only after you have
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sourced the <filename>oe-build-init-env</filename> script located in the Yocto
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Project files.
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When the <filename>bitbake</filename> command completes, the tarball will
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be in <filename>tmp/deploy/sdk</filename> in the Yocto Project build tree.
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</para></note></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Make sure you are in the root directory with root privileges and then expand
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the tarball.
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The tarball expands into <filename>/opt/poky/1.1.1</filename>.
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Once the tarball is expanded, the cross-toolchain is installed.
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You will notice environment setup files for the cross-toolchain in the directory.
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Here is an example where the tarball exists in the user's <filename>Downloads</filename>
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directory:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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# cd /
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# tar -xjf /home/scottrif/Downloads/poky-eglibc-x86_64-i586-toolchain-gmae-1.1.tar.bz2
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</literallayout>
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</para></listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='using-the-toolchain-from-within-the-build-tree'>
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<title>Using BitBake and the Yocto Project Build Tree</title>
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<para>
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A final way of installing just the cross-toolchain is to use BitBake to build the
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toolchain within an existing Yocto Project build tree.
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This method does not install the toolchain into the <filename>/opt</filename> directory.
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As with the previous method, if you need to install the target sysroot, you must
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do this separately.
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</para>
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<para>
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Follow these steps to build and install the toolchain into the build tree:
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem><para>Source the environment setup script
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<filename>oe-init-build-env</filename> located in the Yocto Project
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files.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>At this point, you should be sure that the
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<filename>MACHINE</filename> variable
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in the <filename>local.conf</filename> file found in the
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<filename>conf</filename> directory of the Yocto Project build directory
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is set for the target architecture.
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Comments within the <filename>local.conf</filename> file list the values you
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can use for the <filename>MACHINE</filename> variable.
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<note>You can populate the build tree with the cross-toolchains for more
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than a single architecture.
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You just need to edit the <filename>MACHINE</filename> variable in the
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<filename>local.conf</filename> file and re-run the BitBake
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command.</note></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Run <filename>bitbake meta-ide-support</filename> to complete the
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cross-toolchain installation.
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<note>If you change out of your working directory after you
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<filename>source</filename> the environment setup script and before you run
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the <filename>bitbake</filename> command, the command might not work.
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Be sure to run the <filename>bitbake</filename> command immediately
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after checking or editing the <filename>local.conf</filename> but without
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changing out of your working directory.</note>
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Once the <filename>bitbake</filename> command finishes,
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the tarball for the cross-toolchain is generated within the Yocto Project build tree.
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You will notice environment setup files for the cross-toolchain in the
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Yocto Project build tree in the <filename>tmp</filename> directory.
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Setup script filenames contain the strings <filename>environment-setup</filename>.
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</para></listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</para>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section id='setting-up-the-cross-development-environment'>
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<title>Setting Up the Cross-Development Environment</title>
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<para>
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Before you can develop using the cross-toolchain, you need to set up the
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cross-development environment by sourcing the toolchain's environment setup script.
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If you used the ADT Installer or used an existing ADT tarball to install the ADT,
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then you can find this script in the <filename>/opt/poky/1.1.1</filename>
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directory.
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If you installed the toolchain in the build tree, you can find the environment setup
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script for the toolchain in the Yocto Project build tree's <filename>tmp</filename> directory.
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</para>
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<para>
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Be sure to source the environment setup script that matches the architecture for
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which you are developing.
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Environment setup scripts begin with the string “<filename>environment-setup</filename>”
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and include as part of their name the architecture.
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For example, the command to source the toolchain environment setup script
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for a 64-bit IA-based machine would be the following:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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$ source /opt/poky/1.1.1/environment-setup-x86_64-poky-linux
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</literallayout>
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</para>
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</section>
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<section id='securing-kernel-and-filesystem-images'>
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<title>Securing Kernel and Filesystem Images</title>
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<para>
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You will need to have a kernel and filesystem image to boot using your
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hardware or the QEMU emulator.
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Furthermore, if you plan on booting your image using NFS or you want to use the root filesystem
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as the target sysroot, you need to extract the root filesystem.
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</para>
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<section id='getting-the-images'>
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<title>Getting the Images</title>
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<para>
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To get the kernel and filesystem images, you either have to build them or download
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pre-built versions.
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You can find examples for both these situations in the
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"<ulink url='http://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/1.1.1/yocto-project-qs/yocto-project-qs.html#test-run'>A
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Quick Test Run</ulink>" section of The Yocto Project Quick Start.
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</para>
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<para>
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The Yocto Project provides basic kernel and filesystem images for several
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architectures (<filename>x86</filename>, <filename>x86-64</filename>,
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<filename>mips</filename>, <filename>powerpc</filename>, and <filename>arm</filename>)
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that you can use unaltered in the QEMU emulator.
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These kernel images reside in the Yocto Project release
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area - <ulink url='http://downloads.yoctoproject.org/releases/yocto/yocto-1.1.1/machines/'></ulink>
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and are ideal for experimentation within Yocto Project.
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For information on the image types you can build using the Yocto Project, see the
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"<ulink url='http://www.yoctoproject.org/docs/1.1.1/poky-ref-manual/poky-ref-manual.html#ref-images'>Reference: Images</ulink>" appendix in The Yocto Project Reference Manual.
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</para>
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<para>
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If you plan on remotely deploying and debugging your application from within the
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Eclipse IDE, you must have an image that contains the Yocto Target Communication
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Framework (TCF) agent (<filename>tcf-agent</filename>).
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By default, the Yocto Project provides only one type pre-built image that contains the
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<filename>tcf-agent</filename>.
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And, those images are SDK (e.g.<filename>core-image-sato-sdk</filename>).
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</para>
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<para>
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If you want to use a different image type that contains the <filename>tcf-agent</filename>,
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you can do so one of two ways:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem><para>Modify the <filename>conf/local.conf</filename> configuration file in
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the Yocto Project build directory and then rebuild the image.
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With this method, you need to modify the <filename>EXTRA_IMAGE_FEATURES</filename>
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variable to have the value of "tools-debug" before rebuilding the image.
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Once the image is rebuilt, the <filename>tcf-agent</filename> will be included
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in the image and is launched automatically after the boot.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Manually build the <filename>tcf-agent</filename>.
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To build the agent, follow these steps:
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem><para>Be sure the ADT is installed as described in the
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"<link linkend='installing-the-adt'>Installing the ADT</link>" section.
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</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Set up the cross-development environment as described in the
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"<link linkend='setting-up-the-cross-development-environment'>Setting
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Up the Cross-Development Environment</link>" section.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Get the <filename>tcf-agent</filename> source code, which is
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stored using the Subversion SCM, using the following command:
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<literallayout class='monospaced'>
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$ svn checkout svn://dev.eclipse.org/svnroot/dsdp/org.eclipse.tm.tcf/trunk/agent \
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<-r #rev_number>
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</literallayout></para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Modify the <filename>Makefile.inc</filename> file
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for the cross-compilation environment by setting the
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<filename>OPSYS</filename> and <filename>MACHINE</filename>
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variables according to your target.</para></listitem>
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<listitem><para>Use the cross-development tools to build the
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<filename>tcf-agent</filename>.
|
|
Before you "Make" the file, be sure your cross-tools are set up first.
|
|
See the "<link linkend='makefile-based-projects'>Makefile-Based Projects</link>"
|
|
section for information on how to make sure the cross-tools are set up
|
|
correctly.</para>
|
|
<para>If the build is successful, the <filename>tcf-agent</filename> output will
|
|
be <filename>obj/$(OPSYS)/$(MACHINE)/Debug/agent</filename>.</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>Deploy the agent into the image's root filesystem.</para></listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id='extracting-the-root-filesystem'>
|
|
<title>Extracting the Root Filesystem</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
You must extract the root filesystem if you want to boot the image using NFS
|
|
or you want to use the root filesystem as the target sysroot.
|
|
For example, the Eclipse IDE environment with the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in installed allows you
|
|
to use QEMU to boot under NFS.
|
|
Another example is if you want to develop your target application using the
|
|
root filesystem as the target sysroot.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
To extract the root filesystem, first <filename>source</filename>
|
|
the cross-development environment setup script and then
|
|
use the <filename>runqemu-extract-sdk</filename> command on the
|
|
filesystem image tarball.
|
|
For example, the following commands set up the environment by sourcing
|
|
the setup script from within the build directory and then extracting
|
|
the root filesystem from a previously built filesystem image tarball named
|
|
<filename>core-image-sato-sdk-qemux86.tar.bz2</filename>.
|
|
The example extracts the root filesystem into the <filename>$HOME/qemux86-sato</filename>
|
|
directory:
|
|
<literallayout class='monospaced'>
|
|
$ source $HOME/poky/build/tmp/environment-setup-i586-poky-linux
|
|
$ runqemu-extract-sdk \
|
|
tmp/deploy/images/core-image-sato-sdk-qemux86.tar.bz2 \
|
|
$HOME/qemux86-sato
|
|
</literallayout>
|
|
In this case, you could now point to the target sysroot at
|
|
<filename>$HOME/qemux86-sato</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
</chapter>
|
|
<!--
|
|
vim: expandtab tw=80 ts=4
|
|
-->
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