asterisk/main/file.c

/*
 * Asterisk -- An open source telephony toolkit.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1999 - 2006, Digium, Inc.
 *
 * Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
 *
 * See http://www.asterisk.org for more information about
 * the Asterisk project. Please do not directly contact
 * any of the maintainers of this project for assistance;
 * the project provides a web site, mailing lists and IRC
 * channels for your use.
 *
 * This program is free software, distributed under the terms of
 * the GNU General Public License Version 2. See the LICENSE file
 * at the top of the source tree.
 */

/*! \file
 *
 * \brief Generic File Format Support.
 *
 * \author Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
 */

/*** MODULEINFO
	<support_level>core</support_level>
 ***/

#include "asterisk.h"

#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <math.h>

#include "asterisk/_private.h"	/* declare ast_file_init() */
#include "asterisk/paths.h"	/* use ast_config_AST_DATA_DIR */
#include "asterisk/mod_format.h"
#include "asterisk/cli.h"
#include "asterisk/channel.h"
#include "asterisk/sched.h"
#include "asterisk/translate.h"
#include "asterisk/utils.h"
#include "asterisk/lock.h"
#include "asterisk/app.h"
#include "asterisk/pbx.h"
#include "asterisk/linkedlists.h"
#include "asterisk/module.h"
#include "asterisk/astobj2.h"
#include "asterisk/test.h"
#include "asterisk/stasis.h"
#include "asterisk/json.h"
#include "asterisk/stasis_system.h"
#include "asterisk/media_cache.h"

/*! \brief
 * The following variable controls the layout of localized sound files.
 * If 0, use the historical layout with prefix just before the filename
 * (i.e. digits/en/1.gsm , digits/it/1.gsm or default to digits/1.gsm),
 * if 1 put the prefix at the beginning of the filename
 * (i.e. en/digits/1.gsm, it/digits/1.gsm or default to digits/1.gsm).
 * The latter permits a language to be entirely in one directory.
 *
 * This is settable in asterisk.conf.
 */
int ast_language_is_prefix = 1;

static AST_RWLIST_HEAD_STATIC(formats, ast_format_def);

STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_DEFN(ast_format_register_type);
STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_DEFN(ast_format_unregister_type);

static struct ast_json *json_array_from_list(const char *list, const char *sep)
{
	RAII_VAR(struct ast_json *, array, ast_json_array_create(), ast_json_unref);
	char *stringp, *ext;

	stringp = ast_strdupa(list);	/* this is in the stack so does not need to be freed */
	if (!array || !stringp) {
		return NULL;
	}

	while ((ext = strsep(&stringp, sep))) {
		if (ast_json_array_append(array, ast_json_string_create(ext))) {
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	return ast_json_ref(array);
}

static int publish_format_update(const struct ast_format_def *f, struct stasis_message_type *type)
{
	RAII_VAR(struct stasis_message *, msg, NULL, ao2_cleanup);
	RAII_VAR(struct ast_json_payload *, json_payload, NULL, ao2_cleanup);
	RAII_VAR(struct ast_json *, json_object, NULL, ast_json_unref);

	if (!type) {
		return -1;
	}

	json_object = ast_json_pack("{s: s, s: o}",
		"format", f->name,
		"extensions", json_array_from_list(f->exts, "|"));
	if (!json_object) {
		return -1;
	}

	json_payload = ast_json_payload_create(json_object);
	if (!json_payload) {
		return -1;
	}

	msg = stasis_message_create(type, json_payload);
	if (!msg) {
		return -1;
	}

	stasis_publish(ast_system_topic(), msg);
	return 0;
}

int __ast_format_def_register(const struct ast_format_def *f, struct ast_module *mod)
{
	struct ast_format_def *tmp;

	AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&formats);
	AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&formats, tmp, list) {
		if (!strcasecmp(f->name, tmp->name)) {
			AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&formats);
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Tried to register '%s' format, already registered\n", f->name);
			return -1;
		}
	}
	if (!(tmp = ast_calloc(1, sizeof(*tmp)))) {
		AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&formats);
		return -1;
	}
	*tmp = *f;
	tmp->module = mod;
	if (tmp->buf_size) {
		/*
		 * Align buf_size properly, rounding up to the machine-specific
		 * alignment for pointers.
		 */
		struct _test_align { void *a, *b; } p;
		int align = (char *)&p.b - (char *)&p.a;
		tmp->buf_size = ((f->buf_size + align - 1) / align) * align;
	}

	memset(&tmp->list, 0, sizeof(tmp->list));

	AST_RWLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&formats, tmp, list);
	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&formats);
	ast_verb(2, "Registered file format %s, extension(s) %s\n", f->name, f->exts);
	publish_format_update(f, ast_format_register_type());

	return 0;
}

int ast_format_def_unregister(const char *name)
{
	struct ast_format_def *tmp;
	int res = -1;

	AST_RWLIST_WRLOCK(&formats);
	AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_BEGIN(&formats, tmp, list) {
		if (!strcasecmp(name, tmp->name)) {
			AST_RWLIST_REMOVE_CURRENT(list);
			publish_format_update(tmp, ast_format_unregister_type());
			ast_free(tmp);
			res = 0;
		}
	}
	AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE_SAFE_END;
	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&formats);

	if (!res)
		ast_verb(2, "Unregistered format %s\n", name);
	else
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Tried to unregister format %s, already unregistered\n", name);

	return res;
}

int ast_stopstream(struct ast_channel *tmp)
{
	ast_channel_lock(tmp);

	/* Stop a running stream if there is one */
	if (ast_channel_stream(tmp)) {
		ast_closestream(ast_channel_stream(tmp));
		ast_channel_stream_set(tmp, NULL);
		if (ast_channel_oldwriteformat(tmp) && ast_set_write_format(tmp, ast_channel_oldwriteformat(tmp)))
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to restore format back to %s\n", ast_format_get_name(ast_channel_oldwriteformat(tmp)));
	}
	/* Stop the video stream too */
	if (ast_channel_vstream(tmp) != NULL) {
		ast_closestream(ast_channel_vstream(tmp));
		ast_channel_vstream_set(tmp, NULL);
	}

	ast_channel_unlock(tmp);

	return 0;
}

int ast_writestream(struct ast_filestream *fs, struct ast_frame *f)
{
	int res = -1;
	if (f->frametype == AST_FRAME_VIDEO) {
		if (ast_format_get_type(fs->fmt->format) == AST_MEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
			/* This is the audio portion.  Call the video one... */
			if (!fs->vfs && fs->filename) {
				const char *type = ast_format_get_name(f->subclass.format);
				fs->vfs = ast_writefile(fs->filename, type, NULL, fs->flags, 0, fs->mode);
				ast_debug(1, "Opened video output file\n");
			}
			if (fs->vfs)
				return ast_writestream(fs->vfs, f);
			/* else ignore */
			return 0;
		}
	} else if (f->frametype != AST_FRAME_VOICE) {
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Tried to write non-voice frame\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (ast_format_cmp(f->subclass.format, fs->fmt->format) != AST_FORMAT_CMP_NOT_EQUAL) {
		res =  fs->fmt->write(fs, f);
		if (res < 0)
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Natural write failed\n");
		else if (res > 0)
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Huh??\n");
	} else {
		/* XXX If they try to send us a type of frame that isn't the normal frame, and isn't
		       the one we've setup a translator for, we do the "wrong thing" XXX */
		if (fs->trans && (ast_format_cmp(f->subclass.format, fs->lastwriteformat) != AST_FORMAT_CMP_EQUAL)) {
			ast_translator_free_path(fs->trans);
			fs->trans = NULL;
		}
		if (!fs->trans) {
			fs->trans = ast_translator_build_path(fs->fmt->format, f->subclass.format);
		}
		if (!fs->trans) {
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to translate to format %s, source format %s\n",
				fs->fmt->name, ast_format_get_name(f->subclass.format));
		} else {
			struct ast_frame *trf;
			ao2_replace(fs->lastwriteformat, f->subclass.format);
			/* Get the translated frame but don't consume the original in case they're using it on another stream */
			if ((trf = ast_translate(fs->trans, f, 0))) {
				struct ast_frame *cur;

				/* the translator may have returned multiple frames, so process them */
				for (cur = trf; cur; cur = AST_LIST_NEXT(cur, frame_list)) {
					if ((res = fs->fmt->write(fs, trf))) {
						ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Translated frame write failed\n");
						break;
					}
				}
				ast_frfree(trf);
			} else {
				res = 0;
			}
		}
	}
	return res;
}

static int copy(const char *infile, const char *outfile)
{
	int ifd, ofd, len;
	char buf[4096];	/* XXX make it lerger. */

	if ((ifd = open(infile, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to open %s in read-only mode\n", infile);
		return -1;
	}
	if ((ofd = open(outfile, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, AST_FILE_MODE)) < 0) {
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to open %s in write-only mode\n", outfile);
		close(ifd);
		return -1;
	}
	while ( (len = read(ifd, buf, sizeof(buf)) ) ) {
		int res;
		if (len < 0) {
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Read failed on %s: %s\n", infile, strerror(errno));
			break;
		}
		/* XXX handle partial writes */
		res = write(ofd, buf, len);
		if (res != len) {
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Write failed on %s (%d of %d): %s\n", outfile, res, len, strerror(errno));
			len = -1; /* error marker */
			break;
		}
	}
	close(ifd);
	close(ofd);
	if (len < 0) {
		unlink(outfile);
		return -1; /* error */
	}
	return 0;	/* success */
}

/*!
 * \brief construct a filename. Absolute pathnames are preserved,
 * relative names are prefixed by the sounds/ directory.
 * The wav49 suffix is replaced by 'WAV'.
 * Returns a malloc'ed string to be freed by the caller.
 */
static char *build_filename(const char *filename, const char *ext)
{
	char *fn = NULL;

	if (!strcmp(ext, "wav49"))
		ext = "WAV";

	if (filename[0] == '/') {
		if (ast_asprintf(&fn, "%s.%s", filename, ext) < 0) {
			fn = NULL;
		}
	} else {
		if (ast_asprintf(&fn, "%s/sounds/%s.%s",
			     ast_config_AST_DATA_DIR, filename, ext) < 0) {
			fn = NULL;
		}
	}
	return fn;
}

/* compare type against the list 'exts' */
/* XXX need a better algorithm */
static int exts_compare(const char *exts, const char *type)
{
	char tmp[256];
	char *stringp = tmp, *ext;

	ast_copy_string(tmp, exts, sizeof(tmp));
	while ((ext = strsep(&stringp, "|"))) {
		if (!strcmp(ext, type))
			return 1;
	}

	return 0;
}

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief Close the file stream by canceling any pending read / write callbacks
 */
static void filestream_close(struct ast_filestream *f)
{
	enum ast_media_type format_type = ast_format_get_type(f->fmt->format);

	if (!f->owner) {
		return;
	}

	/* Stop a running stream if there is one */
	switch (format_type)
	{
	case AST_MEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
		ast_channel_stream_set(f->owner, NULL);
		AST_SCHED_DEL_ACCESSOR(ast_channel_sched(f->owner), f->owner, ast_channel_streamid, ast_channel_streamid_set);
		ast_settimeout(f->owner, 0, NULL, NULL);
		break;
	case AST_MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
		ast_channel_vstream_set(f->owner, NULL);
		AST_SCHED_DEL_ACCESSOR(ast_channel_sched(f->owner), f->owner, ast_channel_vstreamid, ast_channel_vstreamid_set);
		break;
	default:
		ast_log(AST_LOG_WARNING, "Unable to schedule deletion of filestream with unsupported type %s\n", f->fmt->name);
		break;
	}
}

static void filestream_destructor(void *arg)
{
	struct ast_filestream *f = arg;
	int status;
	int pid = -1;

	/* Stop a running stream if there is one */
	filestream_close(f);

	/* destroy the translator on exit */
	if (f->trans)
		ast_translator_free_path(f->trans);

	if (f->fmt->close) {
		void (*closefn)(struct ast_filestream *) = f->fmt->close;
		closefn(f);
	}

	if (f->f) {
		fclose(f->f);
	}

	if (f->realfilename && f->filename) {
		pid = ast_safe_fork(0);
		if (!pid) {
			execl("/bin/mv", "mv", "-f", f->filename, f->realfilename, SENTINEL);
			_exit(1);
		}
		else if (pid > 0) {
			/* Block the parent until the move is complete.*/
			waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
		}
	}

	ast_free(f->filename);
	ast_free(f->realfilename);
	if (f->vfs)
		ast_closestream(f->vfs);
	ast_free(f->write_buffer);
	ast_free((void *)f->orig_chan_name);
	ao2_cleanup(f->lastwriteformat);
	ao2_cleanup(f->fr.subclass.format);
	ast_module_unref(f->fmt->module);
}

static struct ast_filestream *get_filestream(struct ast_format_def *fmt, FILE *bfile)
{
	struct ast_filestream *s;

	int l = sizeof(*s) + fmt->buf_size + fmt->desc_size;	/* total allocation size */
	if ( (s = ao2_alloc(l, filestream_destructor)) == NULL)
		return NULL;
	ast_module_ref(fmt->module);
	s->fmt = fmt;
	s->f = bfile;

	if (fmt->desc_size)
		s->_private = ((char *)(s + 1)) + fmt->buf_size;
	if (fmt->buf_size)
		s->buf = (char *)(s + 1);
	s->fr.src = fmt->name;

	if (ast_format_get_type(fmt->format) == AST_MEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
		s->fr.frametype = AST_FRAME_VOICE;
	} else if (ast_format_get_type(fmt->format) == AST_MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
		s->fr.frametype = AST_FRAME_VIDEO;
	}
	s->fr.mallocd = 0;
	s->fr.subclass.format = ao2_bump(fmt->format);

	return s;
}

/*
 * Default implementations of open and rewrite.
 * Only use them if you don't have expensive stuff to do.
 */
enum wrap_fn { WRAP_OPEN, WRAP_REWRITE };

static int fn_wrapper(struct ast_filestream *s, const char *comment, enum wrap_fn mode)
{
	struct ast_format_def *f = s->fmt;
	int ret = -1;
	int (*openfn)(struct ast_filestream *s);

	if (mode == WRAP_OPEN && (openfn = f->open) && openfn(s))
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to open format %s\n", f->name);
	else if (mode == WRAP_REWRITE && f->rewrite && f->rewrite(s, comment))
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to rewrite format %s\n", f->name);
	else {
		/* preliminary checks succeed. */
		ret = 0;
	}
	return ret;
}

static int rewrite_wrapper(struct ast_filestream *s, const char *comment)
{
	return fn_wrapper(s, comment, WRAP_REWRITE);
}

static int open_wrapper(struct ast_filestream *s)
{
	return fn_wrapper(s, NULL, WRAP_OPEN);
}

enum file_action {
	ACTION_EXISTS = 1, /* return matching format if file exists, 0 otherwise */
	ACTION_DELETE,	/* delete file, return 0 on success, -1 on error */
	ACTION_RENAME,	/* rename file. return 0 on success, -1 on error */
	ACTION_OPEN,
	ACTION_COPY	/* copy file. return 0 on success, -1 on error */
};

/*!
 * \internal
 * \brief perform various actions on a file. Second argument
 * \note arg2 depends on the command:
 *	unused for DELETE
 *  optional ast_format_cap holding all the formats found for a file, for EXISTS.
 *	destination file name (const char *) for COPY and RENAME
 *	struct ast_channel * for OPEN
 * if fmt is NULL, OPEN will return the first matching entry,
 * whereas other functions will run on all matching entries.
 */
static int filehelper(const char *filename, const void *arg2, const char *fmt, const enum file_action action)
{
	struct ast_format_def *f;
	int res = (action == ACTION_EXISTS) ? 0 : -1;

	AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&formats);
	/* Check for a specific format */
	AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&formats, f, list) {
		char *stringp, *ext = NULL;

		if (fmt && !exts_compare(f->exts, fmt))
			continue;

		/* Look for a file matching the supported extensions.
		 * The file must exist, and for OPEN, must match
		 * one of the formats supported by the channel.
		 */
		stringp = ast_strdupa(f->exts);	/* this is in the stack so does not need to be freed */
		while ( (ext = strsep(&stringp, "|")) ) {
			struct stat st;
			char *fn = build_filename(filename, ext);

			if (fn == NULL)
				continue;

			if ( stat(fn, &st) ) { /* file not existent */
				ast_free(fn);
				continue;
			}
			/* for 'OPEN' we need to be sure that the format matches
			 * what the channel can process
			 */
			if (action == ACTION_OPEN) {
				struct ast_channel *chan = (struct ast_channel *)arg2;
				FILE *bfile;
				struct ast_filestream *s;

				if ((ast_format_cmp(ast_channel_writeformat(chan), f->format) == AST_FORMAT_CMP_NOT_EQUAL) &&
				     !(((ast_format_get_type(f->format) == AST_MEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) && fmt) ||
					  ((ast_format_get_type(f->format) == AST_MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) && fmt))) {
					ast_free(fn);
					continue;	/* not a supported format */
				}
				if ( (bfile = fopen(fn, "r")) == NULL) {
					ast_free(fn);
					continue;	/* cannot open file */
				}
				s = get_filestream(f, bfile);
				if (!s) {
					fclose(bfile);
					ast_free(fn);	/* cannot allocate descriptor */
					continue;
				}
				if (open_wrapper(s)) {
					ast_free(fn);
					ast_closestream(s);
					continue;	/* cannot run open on file */
				}
				if (st.st_size == 0) {
					ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "File %s detected to have zero size.\n", fn);
				}
				/* ok this is good for OPEN */
				res = 1;	/* found */
				s->lasttimeout = -1;
				s->fmt = f;
				s->trans = NULL;
				s->filename = NULL;
				if (ast_format_get_type(s->fmt->format) == AST_MEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
					if (ast_channel_stream(chan))
						ast_closestream(ast_channel_stream(chan));
					ast_channel_stream_set(chan, s);
				} else {
					if (ast_channel_vstream(chan))
						ast_closestream(ast_channel_vstream(chan));
					ast_channel_vstream_set(chan, s);
				}
				ast_free(fn);
				break;
			}
			switch (action) {
			case ACTION_OPEN:
				break;	/* will never get here */

			case ACTION_EXISTS:	/* return the matching format */
				/* if arg2 is present, it is a format capabilities structure.
				 * Add this format to the set of formats this file can be played in */
				if (arg2) {
					ast_format_cap_append((struct ast_format_cap *) arg2, f->format, 0);
				}
				res = 1; /* file does exist and format it exists in is returned in arg2 */
				break;

			case ACTION_DELETE:
				if ( (res = unlink(fn)) )
					ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "unlink(%s) failed: %s\n", fn, strerror(errno));
				break;

			case ACTION_RENAME:
			case ACTION_COPY: {
				char *nfn = build_filename((const char *)arg2, ext);
				if (!nfn)
					ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Out of memory\n");
				else {
					res = action == ACTION_COPY ? copy(fn, nfn) : rename(fn, nfn);
					if (res)
						ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "%s(%s,%s) failed: %s\n",
							action == ACTION_COPY ? "copy" : "rename",
							 fn, nfn, strerror(errno));
					ast_free(nfn);
				}
			    }
				break;

			default:
				ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unknown helper %u\n", action);
			}
			ast_free(fn);
		}
	}
	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&formats);
	return res;
}

static int is_absolute_path(const char *filename)
{
	return filename[0] == '/';
}

/*!
 * \brief test if a file exists for a given format.
 * \note result_cap is OPTIONAL
 * \retval 1, true and result_cap represents format capabilities file exists in.
 * \retval 0, false
 */
static int fileexists_test(const char *filename, const char *fmt, const char *lang,
			   char *buf, int buflen, struct ast_format_cap *result_cap)
{
	if (buf == NULL) {
		return 0;
	}

	if (!ast_media_cache_retrieve(filename, NULL, buf, buflen)) {
		return filehelper(buf, result_cap, NULL, ACTION_EXISTS);
	}

	if (ast_language_is_prefix && !is_absolute_path(filename)) { /* new layout */
		if (lang) {
			snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s/%s", lang, filename);
		} else {
			snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s", filename);
		}
	} else { /* old layout */
		strcpy(buf, filename);	/* first copy the full string */
		if (lang) {
			/* insert the language and suffix if needed */
			const char *c = strrchr(filename, '/');
			int offset = c ? c - filename + 1 : 0;	/* points right after the last '/' */
			snprintf(buf + offset, buflen - offset, "%s/%s", lang, filename + offset);
		}
	}

	return filehelper(buf, result_cap, fmt, ACTION_EXISTS);
}

/*!
 * \brief helper routine to locate a file with a given format
 * and language preference.
 *
 * \note Try preflang, preflang with stripped '_' suffices, or NULL.
 *
 * \note The last parameter(s) point to a buffer of sufficient size,
 * which on success is filled with the matching filename.
 *
 * \param filename Name of the file.
 * \param fmt Format to look for the file in. OPTIONAL
 * \param preflang The perfered language
 * \param buf Returns the matching filename
 * \param buflen Size of the buf
 * \param result_cap OPTIONAL format capabilities result structure
 *        returns what formats the file was found in.
 *
 * \retval 1, true. file exists and result format is set
 * \retval 0, false. file does not exist.
 */
static int fileexists_core(const char *filename, const char *fmt, const char *preflang,
			   char *buf, int buflen, struct ast_format_cap *result_cap)
{
	char *lang;

	if (buf == NULL) {
		return 0;
	}

	/* We try languages in the following order:
	 *    preflang (may include dialect and style codes)
	 *    lang (preflang without dialect - if any)
	 *    <none>
	 *    default (unless the same as preflang or lang without dialect)
	 */

	lang = ast_strdupa(preflang);

	/* Try preferred language, including removing any style or dialect codes */
	while (!ast_strlen_zero(lang)) {
		char *end;

		if (fileexists_test(filename, fmt, lang, buf, buflen, result_cap)) {
			return 1;
		}

		if ((end = strrchr(lang, '_')) != NULL) {
			*end = '\0';
			continue;
		}

		break;
	}

	/* Try without any language */
	if (fileexists_test(filename, fmt, NULL, buf, buflen, result_cap)) {
		return 1;
	}

	/* Finally try the default language unless it was already tried before */
	if ((ast_strlen_zero(preflang) || strcmp(preflang, DEFAULT_LANGUAGE)) && (ast_strlen_zero(lang) || strcmp(lang, DEFAULT_LANGUAGE))) {
		if ((fileexists_test(filename, fmt, DEFAULT_LANGUAGE, buf, buflen, result_cap)) > 0) {
			return 1;
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

struct ast_filestream *ast_openstream(struct ast_channel *chan, const char *filename, const char *preflang)
{
	return ast_openstream_full(chan, filename, preflang, 0);
}

struct ast_filestream *ast_openstream_full(struct ast_channel *chan, const char *filename, const char *preflang, int asis)
{
	/*
	 * Use fileexists_core() to find a file in a compatible
	 * language and format, set up a suitable translator,
	 * and open the stream.
	 */
	struct ast_format_cap *file_fmt_cap;
	int res;
	int buflen;
	char *buf;

	if (!asis) {
		/* do this first, otherwise we detect the wrong writeformat */
		ast_stopstream(chan);
		if (ast_channel_generator(chan))
			ast_deactivate_generator(chan);
	}
	if (preflang == NULL)
		preflang = "";
	buflen = strlen(preflang) + strlen(filename) + 4;
	buf = ast_alloca(buflen);

	if (!(file_fmt_cap = ast_format_cap_alloc(AST_FORMAT_CAP_FLAG_DEFAULT))) {
		return NULL;
	}
	if (!fileexists_core(filename, NULL, preflang, buf, buflen, file_fmt_cap) ||
		!ast_format_cap_has_type(file_fmt_cap, AST_MEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)) {

		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "File %s does not exist in any format\n", filename);
		ao2_ref(file_fmt_cap, -1);
		return NULL;
	}

	/* Set the channel to a format we can work with and save off the previous format. */
	ast_channel_lock(chan);
	ast_channel_set_oldwriteformat(chan, ast_channel_writeformat(chan));
	/* Set the channel to the best format that exists for the file. */
	res = ast_set_write_format_from_cap(chan, file_fmt_cap);
	ast_channel_unlock(chan);
	/* don't need this anymore now that the channel's write format is set. */
	ao2_ref(file_fmt_cap, -1);

	if (res == -1) {	/* No format available that works with this channel */
		return NULL;
	}
	res = filehelper(buf, chan, NULL, ACTION_OPEN);
	if (res >= 0)
		return ast_channel_stream(chan);
	return NULL;
}

struct ast_filestream *ast_openvstream(struct ast_channel *chan, const char *filename, const char *preflang)
{
	/* As above, but for video. But here we don't have translators
	 * so we must enforce a format.
	 */
	struct ast_format_cap *nativeformats, *tmp_cap;
	char *buf;
	int buflen;
	int i, fd;

	if (preflang == NULL) {
		preflang = "";
	}
	buflen = strlen(preflang) + strlen(filename) + 4;
	buf = ast_alloca(buflen);

	ast_channel_lock(chan);
	nativeformats = ao2_bump(ast_channel_nativeformats(chan));
	ast_channel_unlock(chan);

	/* is the channel capable of video without translation ?*/
	if (!ast_format_cap_has_type(nativeformats, AST_MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)) {
		ao2_cleanup(nativeformats);
		return NULL;
	}
	if (!(tmp_cap = ast_format_cap_alloc(AST_FORMAT_CAP_FLAG_DEFAULT))) {
		ao2_cleanup(nativeformats);
		return NULL;
	}
	/* Video is supported, so see what video formats exist for this file */
	if (!fileexists_core(filename, NULL, preflang, buf, buflen, tmp_cap)) {
		ao2_ref(tmp_cap, -1);
		ao2_cleanup(nativeformats);
		return NULL;
	}

	/* iterate over file formats and pick the first one compatible with the channel's native formats */
	for (i = 0; i < ast_format_cap_count(tmp_cap); ++i) {
		struct ast_format *format = ast_format_cap_get_format(tmp_cap, i);

		if ((ast_format_get_type(format) != AST_MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) ||
			!ast_format_cap_iscompatible(nativeformats, tmp_cap)) {
			ao2_ref(format, -1);
			continue;
		}

		fd = filehelper(buf, chan, ast_format_get_name(format), ACTION_OPEN);
		if (fd >= 0) {
			ao2_ref(format, -1);
			ao2_ref(tmp_cap, -1);
			ao2_cleanup(nativeformats);
			return ast_channel_vstream(chan);
		}
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "File %s has video but couldn't be opened\n", filename);
		ao2_ref(format, -1);
	}
	ao2_ref(tmp_cap, -1);
	ao2_cleanup(nativeformats);

	return NULL;
}

static struct ast_frame *read_frame(struct ast_filestream *s, int *whennext)
{
	struct ast_frame *fr, *new_fr;

	if (!s || !s->fmt) {
		return NULL;
	}

	if (!(fr = s->fmt->read(s, whennext))) {
		return NULL;
	}

	if (!(new_fr = ast_frisolate(fr))) {
		ast_frfree(fr);
		return NULL;
	}

	if (new_fr != fr) {
		ast_frfree(fr);
		fr = new_fr;
	}

	return fr;
}

struct ast_frame *ast_readframe(struct ast_filestream *s)
{
	int whennext = 0;

	return read_frame(s, &whennext);
}

enum fsread_res {
	FSREAD_FAILURE,
	FSREAD_SUCCESS_SCHED,
	FSREAD_SUCCESS_NOSCHED,
};

static int ast_fsread_audio(const void *data);

static enum fsread_res ast_readaudio_callback(struct ast_filestream *s)
{
	int whennext = 0;

	while (!whennext) {
		struct ast_frame *fr;

		if (s->orig_chan_name && strcasecmp(ast_channel_name(s->owner), s->orig_chan_name)) {
			goto return_failure;
		}

		fr = read_frame(s, &whennext);

		if (!fr /* stream complete */ || ast_write(s->owner, fr) /* error writing */) {
			if (fr) {
				ast_debug(2, "Failed to write frame\n");
				ast_frfree(fr);
			}
			goto return_failure;
		}

		if (fr) {
			ast_frfree(fr);
		}
	}

	if (whennext != s->lasttimeout) {
		if (ast_channel_timingfd(s->owner) > -1) {
			float samp_rate = (float) ast_format_get_sample_rate(s->fmt->format);
			unsigned int rate;

			rate = (unsigned int) roundf(samp_rate / ((float) whennext));

			ast_settimeout_full(s->owner, rate, ast_fsread_audio, s, 1);
		} else {
			ast_channel_streamid_set(s->owner, ast_sched_add(ast_channel_sched(s->owner), whennext / (ast_format_get_sample_rate(s->fmt->format) / 1000), ast_fsread_audio, s));
		}
		s->lasttimeout = whennext;
		return FSREAD_SUCCESS_NOSCHED;
	}
	return FSREAD_SUCCESS_SCHED;

return_failure:
	ast_channel_streamid_set(s->owner, -1);
	ast_settimeout(s->owner, 0, NULL, NULL);
	return FSREAD_FAILURE;
}

static int ast_fsread_audio(const void *data)
{
	struct ast_filestream *fs = (struct ast_filestream *)data;
	enum fsread_res res;

	res = ast_readaudio_callback(fs);

	if (res == FSREAD_SUCCESS_SCHED)
		return 1;

	return 0;
}

static int ast_fsread_video(const void *data);

static enum fsread_res ast_readvideo_callback(struct ast_filestream *s)
{
	int whennext = 0;

	while (!whennext) {
		struct ast_frame *fr = read_frame(s, &whennext);

		if (!fr /* stream complete */ || ast_write(s->owner, fr) /* error writing */) {
			if (fr) {
				ast_debug(2, "Failed to write frame\n");
				ast_frfree(fr);
			}
			ast_channel_vstreamid_set(s->owner, -1);
			return FSREAD_FAILURE;
		}

		if (fr) {
			ast_frfree(fr);
		}
	}

	if (whennext != s->lasttimeout) {
		ast_channel_vstreamid_set(s->owner, ast_sched_add(ast_channel_sched(s->owner), whennext / (ast_format_get_sample_rate(s->fmt->format) / 1000), ast_fsread_video, s));
		s->lasttimeout = whennext;
		return FSREAD_SUCCESS_NOSCHED;
	}

	return FSREAD_SUCCESS_SCHED;
}

static int ast_fsread_video(const void *data)
{
	struct ast_filestream *fs = (struct ast_filestream *)data;
	enum fsread_res res;

	res = ast_readvideo_callback(fs);

	if (res == FSREAD_SUCCESS_SCHED)
		return 1;

	return 0;
}

int ast_applystream(struct ast_channel *chan, struct ast_filestream *s)
{
	s->owner = chan;
	return 0;
}

int ast_playstream(struct ast_filestream *s)
{
	enum fsread_res res;

	if (ast_format_get_type(s->fmt->format) == AST_MEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)
		res = ast_readaudio_callback(s);
	else
		res = ast_readvideo_callback(s);

	return (res == FSREAD_FAILURE) ? -1 : 0;
}

int ast_seekstream(struct ast_filestream *fs, off_t sample_offset, int whence)
{
	return fs->fmt->seek(fs, sample_offset, whence);
}

int ast_truncstream(struct ast_filestream *fs)
{
	return fs->fmt->trunc(fs);
}

off_t ast_tellstream(struct ast_filestream *fs)
{
	return fs->fmt->tell(fs);
}

int ast_ratestream(struct ast_filestream *fs)
{
	return ast_format_get_sample_rate(fs->fmt->format);
}

int ast_stream_fastforward(struct ast_filestream *fs, off_t ms)
{
	return ast_seekstream(fs, ms * DEFAULT_SAMPLES_PER_MS, SEEK_CUR);
}

int ast_stream_rewind(struct ast_filestream *fs, off_t ms)
{
	return ast_seekstream(fs, -ms * DEFAULT_SAMPLES_PER_MS, SEEK_CUR);
}

int ast_closestream(struct ast_filestream *f)
{
	/* This used to destroy the filestream, but it now just decrements a refcount.
	 * We close the stream in order to quit queuing frames now, because we might
	 * change the writeformat, which could result in a subsequent write error, if
	 * the format is different. */
	if (f == NULL) {
		return 0;
	}
	filestream_close(f);
	ao2_ref(f, -1);
	return 0;
}


/*
 * Look the various language-specific places where a file could exist.
 */
int ast_fileexists(const char *filename, const char *fmt, const char *preflang)
{
	char *buf;
	int buflen;

	if (preflang == NULL)
		preflang = "";
	buflen = strlen(preflang) + strlen(filename) + 4;	/* room for everything */
	buf = ast_alloca(buflen);
	return fileexists_core(filename, fmt, preflang, buf, buflen, NULL) ? 1 : 0;
}

int ast_filedelete(const char *filename, const char *fmt)
{
	return filehelper(filename, NULL, fmt, ACTION_DELETE);
}

int ast_filerename(const char *filename, const char *filename2, const char *fmt)
{
	return filehelper(filename, filename2, fmt, ACTION_RENAME);
}

int ast_filecopy(const char *filename, const char *filename2, const char *fmt)
{
	return filehelper(filename, filename2, fmt, ACTION_COPY);
}

static int __ast_file_read_dirs(const char *path, ast_file_on_file on_file,
				void *obj, int max_depth)
{
	DIR *dir;
	struct dirent *entry;
	int res;

	if (!(dir = opendir(path))) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "Error opening directory - %s: %s\n",
			path, strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}

	--max_depth;

	res = 0;

	while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL && !errno) {
		int is_file = 0;
		int is_dir = 0;
		RAII_VAR(char *, full_path, NULL, ast_free);

		if (!strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(entry->d_name, "..")) {
			continue;
		}

/*
 * If the dirent structure has a d_type use it to determine if we are dealing with
 * a file or directory. Unfortunately if it doesn't have it, or if the type is
 * unknown, or a link then we'll need to use the stat function instead.
 */
#ifdef _DIRENT_HAVE_D_TYPE
		if (entry->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN && entry->d_type != DT_LNK) {
			is_file = entry->d_type == DT_REG;
			is_dir = entry->d_type == DT_DIR;
		} else
#endif
		{
			struct stat statbuf;

			/*
			 * Don't use alloca or we risk blowing out the stack if recursing
			 * into subdirectories.
			 */
			full_path = ast_malloc(strlen(path) + strlen(entry->d_name) + 2);
			if (!full_path) {
				return -1;
			}
			sprintf(full_path, "%s/%s", path, entry->d_name);

			if (stat(full_path, &statbuf)) {
				ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "Error reading path stats - %s: %s\n",
					full_path, strerror(errno));
				/*
				 * Output an error, but keep going. It could just be
				 * a broken link and other files could be fine.
				 */
				continue;
			}

			is_file = S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode);
			is_dir = S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode);
		}

		if (is_file) {
			/* If the handler returns non-zero then stop */
			if ((res = on_file(path, entry->d_name, obj))) {
				break;
			}
			/* Otherwise move on to next item in directory */
			continue;
		}

		if (!is_dir) {
			ast_debug(5, "Skipping %s: not a regular file or directory\n", full_path);
			continue;
		}

		/* Only re-curse into sub-directories if not at the max depth */
		if (max_depth != 0) {
			if (!full_path) {
				/* Don't use alloca.  See note above. */
				full_path = ast_malloc(strlen(path) + strlen(entry->d_name) + 2);
				if (!full_path) {
					return -1;
				}
				sprintf(full_path, "%s/%s", path, entry->d_name);
			}

			if ((res = __ast_file_read_dirs(full_path, on_file, obj, max_depth))) {
				break;
			}
		}
	}

	closedir(dir);

	if (!res && errno) {
		ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "Error while reading directories - %s: %s\n",
			path, strerror(errno));
		res = -1;
	}

	return res;
}

#if !defined(__GLIBC__)
/*!
 * \brief Lock to hold when iterating over directories.
 *
 * Currently, 'readdir' is not required to be thread-safe. In most modern implementations
 * it should be safe to make concurrent calls into 'readdir' that specify different directory
 * streams (glibc would be one of these). However, since it is potentially unsafe for some
 * implementations we'll use our own locking in order to achieve synchronization for those.
 */
AST_MUTEX_DEFINE_STATIC(read_dirs_lock);
#endif

int ast_file_read_dirs(const char *dir_name, ast_file_on_file on_file, void *obj, int max_depth)
{
	int res;

	errno = 0;

#if !defined(__GLIBC__)
	ast_mutex_lock(&read_dirs_lock);
#endif

	res = __ast_file_read_dirs(dir_name, on_file, obj, max_depth);

#if !defined(__GLIBC__)
	ast_mutex_unlock(&read_dirs_lock);
#endif

	return res;
}

int ast_streamfile(struct ast_channel *chan, const char *filename, const char *preflang)
{
	struct ast_filestream *fs;
	struct ast_filestream *vfs=NULL;
	off_t pos;
	int seekattempt;
	int res;

	fs = ast_openstream(chan, filename, preflang);
	if (!fs) {
		struct ast_str *codec_buf = ast_str_alloca(AST_FORMAT_CAP_NAMES_LEN);
		ast_channel_lock(chan);
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to open %s (format %s): %s\n",
			filename, ast_format_cap_get_names(ast_channel_nativeformats(chan), &codec_buf), strerror(errno));
		ast_channel_unlock(chan);
		return -1;
	}

	/* check to see if there is any data present (not a zero length file),
	 * done this way because there is no where for ast_openstream_full to
	 * return the file had no data. */
	pos = ftello(fs->f);
	seekattempt = fseeko(fs->f, -1, SEEK_END);
	if (seekattempt) {
		if (errno == EINVAL) {
			/* Zero-length file, as opposed to a pipe */
			return 0;
		} else {
			ast_seekstream(fs, 0, SEEK_SET);
		}
	} else {
		fseeko(fs->f, pos, SEEK_SET);
	}

	vfs = ast_openvstream(chan, filename, preflang);
	if (vfs) {
		ast_debug(1, "Ooh, found a video stream, too, format %s\n", ast_format_get_name(vfs->fmt->format));
	}

	if (ast_test_flag(ast_channel_flags(chan), AST_FLAG_MASQ_NOSTREAM))
		fs->orig_chan_name = ast_strdup(ast_channel_name(chan));
	if (ast_applystream(chan, fs))
		return -1;
	if (vfs && ast_applystream(chan, vfs))
		return -1;
	ast_test_suite_event_notify("PLAYBACK", "Message: %s\r\nChannel: %s", filename, ast_channel_name(chan));
	res = ast_playstream(fs);
	if (!res && vfs)
		res = ast_playstream(vfs);

	if (VERBOSITY_ATLEAST(3)) {
		ast_channel_lock(chan);
		ast_verb(3, "<%s> Playing '%s.%s' (language '%s')\n", ast_channel_name(chan), filename, ast_format_get_name(ast_channel_writeformat(chan)), preflang ? preflang : "default");
		ast_channel_unlock(chan);
	}

	return res;
}

struct ast_filestream *ast_readfile(const char *filename, const char *type, const char *comment, int flags, int check, mode_t mode)
{
	FILE *bfile;
	struct ast_format_def *f;
	struct ast_filestream *fs = NULL;
	char *fn;
	int format_found = 0;

	AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&formats);

	AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&formats, f, list) {
		fs = NULL;
		if (!exts_compare(f->exts, type))
			continue;
		else
			format_found = 1;

		fn = build_filename(filename, type);
		if (!fn) {
			continue;
		}
		errno = 0;
		bfile = fopen(fn, "r");

		if (!bfile || (fs = get_filestream(f, bfile)) == NULL || open_wrapper(fs) ) {
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to open %s\n", fn);
			if (fs) {
				ast_closestream(fs);
			}
			fs = NULL;
			bfile = NULL;
			ast_free(fn);
			break;
		}
		/* found it */
		fs->trans = NULL;
		fs->fmt = f;
		fs->flags = flags;
		fs->mode = mode;
		fs->filename = ast_strdup(filename);
		fs->vfs = NULL;
		ast_free(fn);
		break;
	}

	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&formats);
	if (!format_found)
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "No such format '%s'\n", type);

	return fs;
}

struct ast_filestream *ast_writefile(const char *filename, const char *type, const char *comment, int flags, int check, mode_t mode)
{
	int fd, myflags = 0;
	/* compiler claims this variable can be used before initialization... */
	FILE *bfile = NULL;
	struct ast_format_def *f;
	struct ast_filestream *fs = NULL;
	char *buf = NULL;
	size_t size = 0;
	int format_found = 0;

	AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&formats);

	/* set the O_TRUNC flag if and only if there is no O_APPEND specified */
	/* We really can't use O_APPEND as it will break WAV header updates */
	if (flags & O_APPEND) {
		flags &= ~O_APPEND;
	} else {
		myflags = O_TRUNC;
	}

	myflags |= O_WRONLY | O_CREAT;

	/* XXX need to fix this - we should just do the fopen,
	 * not open followed by fdopen()
	 */
	AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&formats, f, list) {
		char *fn, *orig_fn = NULL;
		if (fs)
			break;

		if (!exts_compare(f->exts, type))
			continue;
		else
			format_found = 1;

		fn = build_filename(filename, type);
		if (!fn) {
			continue;
		}
		fd = open(fn, flags | myflags, mode);
		if (fd > -1) {
			/* fdopen() the resulting file stream */
			bfile = fdopen(fd, ((flags | myflags) & O_RDWR) ? "w+" : "w");
			if (!bfile) {
				ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Whoa, fdopen failed: %s!\n", strerror(errno));
				close(fd);
				fd = -1;
			}
		}

		if (ast_opt_cache_record_files && (fd > -1)) {
			char *c;

			fclose(bfile);	/* this also closes fd */
			/*
			  We touch orig_fn just as a place-holder so other things (like vmail) see the file is there.
			  What we are really doing is writing to record_cache_dir until we are done then we will mv the file into place.
			*/
			orig_fn = ast_strdupa(fn);
			for (c = fn; *c; c++)
				if (*c == '/')
					*c = '_';

			size = strlen(fn) + strlen(record_cache_dir) + 2;
			buf = ast_alloca(size);
			strcpy(buf, record_cache_dir);
			strcat(buf, "/");
			strcat(buf, fn);
			ast_free(fn);
			fn = buf;
			fd = open(fn, flags | myflags, mode);
			if (fd > -1) {
				/* fdopen() the resulting file stream */
				bfile = fdopen(fd, ((flags | myflags) & O_RDWR) ? "w+" : "w");
				if (!bfile) {
					ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Whoa, fdopen failed: %s!\n", strerror(errno));
					close(fd);
					fd = -1;
				}
			}
		}
		if (fd > -1) {
			errno = 0;
			fs = get_filestream(f, bfile);
			if (fs) {
				if ((fs->write_buffer = ast_malloc(32768))) {
					setvbuf(fs->f, fs->write_buffer, _IOFBF, 32768);
				}
			}
			if (!fs || rewrite_wrapper(fs, comment)) {
				ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to rewrite %s\n", fn);
				close(fd);
				if (orig_fn) {
					unlink(fn);
					unlink(orig_fn);
				}
				if (fs) {
					ast_closestream(fs);
					fs = NULL;
				}
				if (!buf) {
					ast_free(fn);
				}
				continue;
			}
			fs->trans = NULL;
			fs->fmt = f;
			fs->flags = flags;
			fs->mode = mode;
			if (orig_fn) {
				fs->realfilename = ast_strdup(orig_fn);
				fs->filename = ast_strdup(fn);
			} else {
				fs->realfilename = NULL;
				fs->filename = ast_strdup(filename);
			}
			fs->vfs = NULL;
			/* If truncated, we'll be at the beginning; if not truncated, then append */
			f->seek(fs, 0, SEEK_END);
		} else if (errno != EEXIST) {
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to open file %s: %s\n", fn, strerror(errno));
			if (orig_fn)
				unlink(orig_fn);
		}
		/* if buf != NULL then fn is already free and pointing to it */
		if (!buf)
			ast_free(fn);
	}

	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&formats);

	if (!format_found)
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "No such format '%s'\n", type);

	return fs;
}

static void waitstream_control(struct ast_channel *c,
		enum ast_waitstream_fr_cb_values type,
		ast_waitstream_fr_cb cb,
		int skip_ms)
{
	switch (type)
	{
	case AST_WAITSTREAM_CB_FASTFORWARD:
		{
			int eoftest;
			ast_stream_fastforward(ast_channel_stream(c), skip_ms);
			eoftest = fgetc(ast_channel_stream(c)->f);
			if (feof(ast_channel_stream(c)->f)) {
				ast_stream_rewind(ast_channel_stream(c), skip_ms);
			} else {
				ungetc(eoftest, ast_channel_stream(c)->f);
			}
		}
		break;
	case AST_WAITSTREAM_CB_REWIND:
		ast_stream_rewind(ast_channel_stream(c), skip_ms);
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}

	if (cb) {
		long ms_len = ast_tellstream(ast_channel_stream(c)) / (ast_format_get_sample_rate(ast_channel_stream(c)->fmt->format) / 1000);
		cb(c, ms_len, type);
	}

	ast_test_suite_event_notify("PLAYBACK","Channel: %s\r\n"
		"Control: %s\r\n"
		"SkipMs: %d\r\n",
		ast_channel_name(c),
		(type == AST_WAITSTREAM_CB_FASTFORWARD) ? "FastForward" : "Rewind",
		skip_ms);
}

/*!
 * \brief the core of all waitstream() functions
 */
static int waitstream_core(struct ast_channel *c,
	const char *breakon,
	const char *forward,
	const char *reverse,
	int skip_ms,
	int audiofd,
	int cmdfd,
	const char *context,
	ast_waitstream_fr_cb cb)
{
	const char *orig_chan_name = NULL;

	int err = 0;

	if (!breakon)
		breakon = "";
	if (!forward)
		forward = "";
	if (!reverse)
		reverse = "";

	/* Switch the channel to end DTMF frame only. waitstream_core doesn't care about the start of DTMF. */
	ast_channel_set_flag(c, AST_FLAG_END_DTMF_ONLY);

	if (ast_test_flag(ast_channel_flags(c), AST_FLAG_MASQ_NOSTREAM))
		orig_chan_name = ast_strdupa(ast_channel_name(c));

	if (ast_channel_stream(c) && cb) {
		long ms_len = ast_tellstream(ast_channel_stream(c)) / (ast_format_get_sample_rate(ast_channel_stream(c)->fmt->format) / 1000);
		cb(c, ms_len, AST_WAITSTREAM_CB_START);
	}

	while (ast_channel_stream(c)) {
		int res;
		int ms;

		if (orig_chan_name && strcasecmp(orig_chan_name, ast_channel_name(c))) {
			ast_stopstream(c);
			err = 1;
			break;
		}

		ms = ast_sched_wait(ast_channel_sched(c));

		if (ms < 0 && !ast_channel_timingfunc(c)) {
			ast_stopstream(c);
			break;
		}
		if (ms < 0)
			ms = 1000;
		if (cmdfd < 0) {
			res = ast_waitfor(c, ms);
			if (res < 0) {
				ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Select failed (%s)\n", strerror(errno));
				ast_channel_clear_flag(c, AST_FLAG_END_DTMF_ONLY);
				return res;
			}
		} else {
			int outfd;
			struct ast_channel *rchan = ast_waitfor_nandfds(&c, 1, &cmdfd, (cmdfd > -1) ? 1 : 0, NULL, &outfd, &ms);
			if (!rchan && (outfd < 0) && (ms)) {
				/* Continue */
				if (errno == EINTR)
					continue;
				ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Wait failed (%s)\n", strerror(errno));
				ast_channel_clear_flag(c, AST_FLAG_END_DTMF_ONLY);
				return -1;
			} else if (outfd > -1) { /* this requires cmdfd set */
				/* The FD we were watching has something waiting */
				ast_channel_clear_flag(c, AST_FLAG_END_DTMF_ONLY);
				return 1;
			}
			/* if rchan is set, it is 'c' */
			res = rchan ? 1 : 0; /* map into 'res' values */
		}
		if (res > 0) {
			struct ast_frame *fr = ast_read(c);
			if (!fr) {
				ast_channel_clear_flag(c, AST_FLAG_END_DTMF_ONLY);
				return -1;
			}
			switch (fr->frametype) {
			case AST_FRAME_DTMF_END:
				if (context) {
					const char exten[2] = { fr->subclass.integer, '\0' };
					if (ast_exists_extension(c, context, exten, 1,
						S_COR(ast_channel_caller(c)->id.number.valid, ast_channel_caller(c)->id.number.str, NULL))) {
						res = fr->subclass.integer;
						ast_frfree(fr);
						ast_channel_clear_flag(c, AST_FLAG_END_DTMF_ONLY);
						return res;
					}
				} else {
					res = fr->subclass.integer;
					if (strchr(forward, res)) {
						waitstream_control(c, AST_WAITSTREAM_CB_FASTFORWARD, cb, skip_ms);
					} else if (strchr(reverse, res)) {
						waitstream_control(c, AST_WAITSTREAM_CB_REWIND, cb, skip_ms);
					} else if (strchr(breakon, res)) {
						ast_test_suite_event_notify("PLAYBACK","Channel: %s\r\n"
							"Control: %s\r\n",
							ast_channel_name(c),
							"Break");

						ast_frfree(fr);
						ast_channel_clear_flag(c, AST_FLAG_END_DTMF_ONLY);
						return res;
					}
				}
				break;
			case AST_FRAME_CONTROL:
				switch (fr->subclass.integer) {
				case AST_CONTROL_STREAM_STOP:
				case AST_CONTROL_STREAM_SUSPEND:
				case AST_CONTROL_STREAM_RESTART:
					/* Fall-through and break out */
					ast_test_suite_event_notify("PLAYBACK","Channel: %s\r\n"
						"Control: %s\r\n",
						ast_channel_name(c),
						"Break");
					res = fr->subclass.integer;
					ast_frfree(fr);
					ast_channel_clear_flag(c, AST_FLAG_END_DTMF_ONLY);
					return res;
				case AST_CONTROL_STREAM_REVERSE:
					if (!skip_ms) {
						skip_ms = 3000;
					}
					waitstream_control(c, AST_WAITSTREAM_CB_REWIND, cb, skip_ms);
					break;
				case AST_CONTROL_STREAM_FORWARD:
					if (!skip_ms) {
						skip_ms = 3000;
					}
					waitstream_control(c, AST_WAITSTREAM_CB_FASTFORWARD, cb, skip_ms);
					break;
				case AST_CONTROL_HANGUP:
				case AST_CONTROL_BUSY:
				case AST_CONTROL_CONGESTION:
					ast_frfree(fr);
					ast_channel_clear_flag(c, AST_FLAG_END_DTMF_ONLY);
					return -1;
				case AST_CONTROL_RINGING:
				case AST_CONTROL_ANSWER:
				case AST_CONTROL_VIDUPDATE:
				case AST_CONTROL_SRCUPDATE:
				case AST_CONTROL_SRCCHANGE:
				case AST_CONTROL_HOLD:
				case AST_CONTROL_UNHOLD:
				case AST_CONTROL_CONNECTED_LINE:
				case AST_CONTROL_REDIRECTING:
				case AST_CONTROL_AOC:
				case AST_CONTROL_UPDATE_RTP_PEER:
				case AST_CONTROL_PVT_CAUSE_CODE:
				case -1:
					/* Unimportant */
					break;
				default:
					ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unexpected control subclass '%d'\n", fr->subclass.integer);
				}
				break;
			case AST_FRAME_VOICE:
				/* Write audio if appropriate */
				if (audiofd > -1) {
					if (write(audiofd, fr->data.ptr, fr->datalen) < 0) {
						ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "write() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
					}
				}
			default:
				/* Ignore all others */
				break;
			}
			ast_frfree(fr);
		}
		ast_sched_runq(ast_channel_sched(c));
	}

	ast_channel_clear_flag(c, AST_FLAG_END_DTMF_ONLY);

	return (err || ast_channel_softhangup_internal_flag(c)) ? -1 : 0;
}

int ast_waitstream_fr_w_cb(struct ast_channel *c,
	const char *breakon,
	const char *forward,
	const char *reverse,
	int ms,
	ast_waitstream_fr_cb cb)
{
	return waitstream_core(c, breakon, forward, reverse, ms,
		-1 /* no audiofd */, -1 /* no cmdfd */, NULL /* no context */, cb);
}

int ast_waitstream_fr(struct ast_channel *c, const char *breakon, const char *forward, const char *reverse, int ms)
{
	return waitstream_core(c, breakon, forward, reverse, ms,
		-1 /* no audiofd */, -1 /* no cmdfd */, NULL /* no context */, NULL /* no callback */);
}

/*! \internal
 * \brief Clean up the return value of a waitstream call
 *
 * It's possible for a control frame to come in from an external source and break the
 * playback. From a consumer of most ast_waitstream_* function callers, this should
 * appear like normal playback termination, i.e., return 0 and not the value of the
 * control frame.
 */
static int sanitize_waitstream_return(int return_value)
{
	switch (return_value) {
	case AST_CONTROL_STREAM_STOP:
	case AST_CONTROL_STREAM_SUSPEND:
	case AST_CONTROL_STREAM_RESTART:
		/* Fall through and set return_value to 0 */
		return_value = 0;
		break;
	default:
		/* Do nothing */
		break;
	}

	return return_value;
}

int ast_waitstream(struct ast_channel *c, const char *breakon)
{
	int res;

	res = waitstream_core(c, breakon, NULL, NULL, 0, -1, -1, NULL, NULL /* no callback */);

	return sanitize_waitstream_return(res);
}

int ast_waitstream_full(struct ast_channel *c, const char *breakon, int audiofd, int cmdfd)
{
	int res;

	res = waitstream_core(c, breakon, NULL, NULL, 0,
		audiofd, cmdfd, NULL /* no context */, NULL /* no callback */);

	return sanitize_waitstream_return(res);
}

int ast_waitstream_exten(struct ast_channel *c, const char *context)
{
	int res;

	/* Waitstream, with return in the case of a valid 1 digit extension */
	/* in the current or specified context being pressed */
	if (!context)
		context = ast_channel_context(c);
	res = waitstream_core(c, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0,
		-1, -1, context, NULL /* no callback */);

	return sanitize_waitstream_return(res);
}

/*
 * if the file name is non-empty, try to play it.
 * Return 0 if success, -1 if error, digit if interrupted by a digit.
 * If digits == "" then we can simply check for non-zero.
 */
int ast_stream_and_wait(struct ast_channel *chan, const char *file, const char *digits)
{
	int res = 0;
	if (!ast_strlen_zero(file)) {
		res = ast_streamfile(chan, file, ast_channel_language(chan));
		if (!res) {
			res = ast_waitstream(chan, digits);
		}
	}
	return res;
}

char *ast_format_str_reduce(char *fmts)
{
	struct ast_format_def *f;
	struct ast_format_def *fmts_ptr[AST_MAX_FORMATS];
	char *fmts_str[AST_MAX_FORMATS];
	char *stringp, *type;
	char *orig = fmts;
	int i, j, x, first, found = 0;
	int len = strlen(fmts) + 1;
	int res;

	if (AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&formats)) {
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "Unable to lock format list\n");
		return NULL;
	}

	stringp = ast_strdupa(fmts);

	for (x = 0; (type = strsep(&stringp, "|")) && x < AST_MAX_FORMATS; x++) {
		AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&formats, f, list) {
			if (exts_compare(f->exts, type)) {
				found = 1;
				break;
			}
		}

		fmts_str[x] = type;
		if (found) {
			fmts_ptr[x] = f;
		} else {
			fmts_ptr[x] = NULL;
		}
	}
	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&formats);

	first = 1;
	for (i = 0; i < x; i++) {
		/* ignore invalid entries */
		if (!fmts_ptr[i]) {
			ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "ignoring unknown format '%s'\n", fmts_str[i]);
			continue;
		}

		/* special handling for the first entry */
		if (first) {
			res = snprintf(fmts, len, "%s", fmts_str[i]);
			fmts += res;
			len -= res;
			first = 0;
			continue;
		}

		found = 0;
		for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
			/* this is a duplicate */
			if (fmts_ptr[j] == fmts_ptr[i]) {
				found = 1;
				break;
			}
		}

		if (!found) {
			res = snprintf(fmts, len, "|%s", fmts_str[i]);
			fmts += res;
			len -= res;
		}
	}

	if (first) {
		ast_log(LOG_WARNING, "no known formats found in format list (%s)\n", orig);
		return NULL;
	}

	return orig;
}

static char *handle_cli_core_show_file_formats(struct ast_cli_entry *e, int cmd, struct ast_cli_args *a)
{
#define FORMAT "%-10s %-10s %-20s\n"
#define FORMAT2 "%-10s %-10s %-20s\n"
	struct ast_format_def *f;
	int count_fmt = 0;

	switch (cmd) {
	case CLI_INIT:
		e->command = "core show file formats";
		e->usage =
			"Usage: core show file formats\n"
			"       Displays currently registered file formats (if any).\n";
		return NULL;
	case CLI_GENERATE:
		return NULL;
	}

	if (a->argc != 4)
		return CLI_SHOWUSAGE;

	ast_cli(a->fd, FORMAT, "Format", "Name", "Extensions");
	ast_cli(a->fd, FORMAT, "------", "----", "----------");

	AST_RWLIST_RDLOCK(&formats);
	AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&formats, f, list) {
		ast_cli(a->fd, FORMAT2, ast_format_get_name(f->format), f->name, f->exts);
		count_fmt++;
	}
	AST_RWLIST_UNLOCK(&formats);
	ast_cli(a->fd, "%d file formats registered.\n", count_fmt);
	return CLI_SUCCESS;
#undef FORMAT
#undef FORMAT2
}

struct ast_format *ast_get_format_for_file_ext(const char *file_ext)
{
	struct ast_format_def *f;
	SCOPED_RDLOCK(lock, &formats.lock);
	AST_RWLIST_TRAVERSE(&formats, f, list) {
		if (exts_compare(f->exts, file_ext)) {
			return f->format;
		}
	}

	return NULL;
}

static struct ast_cli_entry cli_file[] = {
	AST_CLI_DEFINE(handle_cli_core_show_file_formats, "Displays file formats")
};

static void file_shutdown(void)
{
	ast_cli_unregister_multiple(cli_file, ARRAY_LEN(cli_file));
	STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_CLEANUP(ast_format_register_type);
	STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_CLEANUP(ast_format_unregister_type);
}

int ast_file_init(void)
{
	STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_INIT(ast_format_register_type);
	STASIS_MESSAGE_TYPE_INIT(ast_format_unregister_type);
	ast_cli_register_multiple(cli_file, ARRAY_LEN(cli_file));
	ast_register_cleanup(file_shutdown);
	return 0;
}