308 lines
12 KiB
TeX
308 lines
12 KiB
TeX
\section{Introduction}
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Asterisk includes basic phone provisioning support through the res\_phoneprov module. The
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current implementation is based on a templating system using Asterisk dialplan function
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and variable substitution and obtains information to substitute into those templates from
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\path{phoneprov.conf} and \path{users.conf}. A profile and set of templates is provided
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for provisioning Polycom phones. Note that res\_phoneprov is currently limited to
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provisioning a single user per device.
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\section{Configuration of phoneprov.conf}
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The configuration file, \path{phoneprov.conf}, is used to set up the built-in variables
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SEVER and SERVER\_PORT, to define a default phone profile to use, and to define different
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phone profiles available for provisioning.
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\subsection{The [general] section}
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Below is a sample of the general section of \path{phoneprov.conf}:
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\begin{astlisting}
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\begin{verbatim}
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[general]
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;serveriface=eth0
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;serveraddr=192.168.1.1
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;serverport=5060
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default_profile=polycom
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{astlisting}
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By default, res\_phoneprov will set the SERVER variable to the IP address on the server
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that the requesting phone uses to contact the asterisk HTTP server. The SERVER\_PORT
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variable will default to the \textbf{bindport} setting in sip.conf.
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Should the defaults be insufficient, there are two choices for overriding the default
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setting of the SERVER variable. If the IP address of the server is known, or the hostname
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resolvable by the phones, the appropriate \textbf{serveraddr} value should be set.
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Alternatively, the network interface that the server listens on can be set by specifying a
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\textbf{serveriface} and SERVER will be set to the IP address of that interface. Only one
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of these options should be set.
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The default SERVER\_PORT variable can be overridden by setting the \textbf{serverport}.
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If \textbf{bindport} is not set in \path{sip.conf} and serverport is not specified, it
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is set to a default value of 5060.
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Any user set for auto-provisioning in users.conf without a specified profile will be
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assumed to belong to the profile set with \textbf{default\_profile}.
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\subsection{Creating phone profiles}
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A phone profile is basically a list of files that a particular group of phones needs to
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function. For most phone types there are files that are identical for all phones
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(firmware, for instance) as well as a configuration file that is specific to individual
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phones. res\_phoneprov breaks these two groups of files into static files and dynamic
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files, respectively. A sample profile:
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\begin{astlisting}
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\begin{verbatim}
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[polycom]
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staticdir => configs/
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mime_type => text/xml
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setvar => CUSTOM_CONFIG=/var/lib/asterisk/phoneprov/configs/custom.cfg
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static_file => bootrom.ld,application/octet-stream
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static_file => bootrom.ver,plain/text
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static_file => sip.ld,application/octet-stream
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static_file => sip.ver,plain/text
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static_file => sip.cfg
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static_file => custom.cfg
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${TOLOWER(${MAC})}.cfg => 000000000000.cfg
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${TOLOWER(${MAC})}-phone.cfg => 000000000000-phone.cfg
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config/${TOLOWER(${MAC})} => polycom.xml
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${TOLOWER(${MAC})}-directory.xml => 000000000000-directory.xml
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{astlisting}
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A \textbf{static\_file} is set by specifying the file name, relative to
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\path{AST\_DATA\_DIR/phoneprov}. The mime-type of the file can optionally be specified
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after a comma. If \textbf{staticdir} is set, all static files will be relative to the
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subdirectory of AST\_DATA\_DIR/phoneprov specified.
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Since phone-specific config files generally have file names based on phone-specifc data,
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dynamic filenames in res\_phoneprov can be defined with Asterisk dialplan function and
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variable substitution. In the above example, \$\{TOLOWER(\$\{MAC\})\}.cfg $\Rightarrow$
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000000000000.cfg would define a relative URI to be served that matches the format of
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MACADDRESS.cfg, all lower case. A request for that file would then point to the template
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found at AST\_DATA\_DIR/phoneprov/000000000000.cfg. The template can be followed by a
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comma and mime-type. Notice that the dynamic filename (URI) can contain contain
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directories. Since these files are dynamically generated, the config file itself does not
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reside on the filesystem--only the template. To view the generated config file, open it
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in a web browser. If the config file is XML, Firefox should display it. Some browsers
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will require viewing the source of the page requested.
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A default mime-type for the profile can be defined by setting \textbf{mime-type}. If a
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custom variable is required for a template, it can be specified with \textbf{setvar}.
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Variable substitution on this value is done while building the route list, so
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\$\{USERNAME\} would expand to the username of the users.conf user that registers the
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dynamic filename.
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NOTE: Any dialplan function that is used for generation of dynamic file names MUST be
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loaded before res\_phoneprov. Add "preload $\Rightarrow$ modulename.so" to
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\path{modules.conf} for required functions. In the example above, "preload $\Rightarrow$
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func\_strings.so" would be required.
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\section{Configuration of users.conf}
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The asterisk-gui sets up extensions, SIP/IAX2 peers, and a host of other settings.
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User-specific settings are stored in users.conf. If the asterisk-gui is not being used,
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manual entries to users.conf can be made.
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\subsection{The [general] section}
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There are only two settings in the general section of \path{users.conf} that apply to
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phone provisioning: localextenlength which maps to template variable EXTENSION\_LENGTH
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and \textbf{vmexten} which maps to the VOICEMAIL\_EXTEN variable.
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\subsection{Invdividual Users}
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To enable auto-provisioning of a phone, the user in \path{users.conf} needs to have:
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\begin{astlisting}
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\begin{verbatim}
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...
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autoprov=yes
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macaddress=deadbeef4dad
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profile=polycom
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{astlisting}
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The profile is optional if a \textbf{default\_profile} is set in \path{phoneprov.conf}.
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The following is a sample users.conf entry, with the template variables commented next to
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the settings:
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\begin{astlisting}
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\begin{verbatim}
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[6001]
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callwaiting = yes
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context = numberplan-custom-1
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hasagent = no
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hasdirectory = yes
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hasiax = no
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hasmanager = no
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hassip = yes
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hasvoicemail = yes
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host = dynamic
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mailbox = 6001
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threewaycalling = yes
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deletevoicemail = no
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autoprov = yes
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profile = polycom
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canreinvite = no
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nat = no
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fullname = User Two ; ${DISPLAY_NAME}
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secret = test ; ${SECRET}
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username = 6001 ; ${USERNAME}
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macaddress = deadbeef4dad ; ${MAC}
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label = 6001 ; ${LABEL}
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cid_number = 6001 ; ${CALLERID}
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{astlisting}
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The variables above, are the user-specfic variables that can be substituted into dynamic
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filenames and config templates.
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\section{Templates}
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Configuration templates are a generic way to configure phones with text-based
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configuration files. Templates can use any loaded dialplan function and all of the
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variables created by \path{phoneprov.conf} and \path{users.conf}. A short example is the
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included 000000000000.cfg Polycom template:
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\begin{astlisting}
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\begin{verbatim}
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<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>
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<APPLICATION
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APP_FILE_PATH="sip.ld"
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CONFIG_FILES="${IF($[${STAT(e|${CUSTOM_CONFIG})}] ? "custom.cfg,
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")}config/${TOLOWER(${MAC})}, sip.cfg"
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MISC_FILES="" LOG_FILE_DIRECTORY=""
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/>
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{astlisting}
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This template uses dialplan functions, expressions, and a couple of variables to generate
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a config file to instruct the Polycom where to pull other needed config files. If a phone
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with MAC address 0xDEADBEEF4DAD requests this config file, and the filename that is
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stored in variable CUSTOM\_CONFIG does not exist, then the generated output would be:
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\begin{astlisting}
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\begin{verbatim}
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<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>
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<APPLICATION
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APP_FILE_PATH="sip.ld"
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CONFIG_FILES="config/deadbeef4dad, sip.cfg"
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MISC_FILES="" LOG_FILE_DIRECTORY=""
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/>
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{astlisting}
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The Polycom phone would then download both sip.cfg (which would be registered in
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\path{phoneprov.conf} as a static file) and config/deadbeef4dad (which would be
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registered as a dynamic file pointing to another template, polycom.xml).
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res\_phoneprov also registers its own dialplan function: PP\_EACH\_USER. This function
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was designed to be able to print out a particular string for each user that
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res\_phoneprov knows about. An example use of this function is the template for a Polycom
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contact directory:
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\begin{astlisting}
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\begin{verbatim}
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<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>
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<directory>
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<item_list>
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${PP_EACH_USER(<item><fn>%{DISPLAY_NAME}</fn><ct>%{CALLERID}</ct><bw>1</bw></item>|${MAC})}
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</item_list>
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</directory>
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{astlisting}
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PP\_EACH\_USER takes two arguments. The first is the string to be printed for each user.
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Any variables that are to be substituted need to be in the format \%\{VARNAME\} so that
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Asterisk doesn't try to substitute the variable immediately before it is passed to
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PP\_EACH\_USER. The second, optional, argument is a MAC address to exclude from the list
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iterated over (so, in this case, a phone won't be listed in its own contact directory).
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\section{Putting it all together}
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Make sure that \path{manager.conf} has:
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\begin{astlisting}
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\begin{verbatim}
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[general]
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enabled = yes
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webenabled = yes
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{astlisting}
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and that \path{http.conf} has:
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\begin{astlisting}
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\begin{verbatim}
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[general]
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enabled = yes
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bindaddr = 192.168.1.1 ; Your IP here ;-)
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bindport = 8088 ; Or port 80 if it is the only http server running on the machine
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{astlisting}
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With \path{phoneprov.conf} and \path{users.conf} in place, start Astersik. From the CLI,
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type "http show status". An example output:
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\begin{astlisting}
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\begin{verbatim}
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HTTP Server Status:
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Prefix: /asterisk
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Server Enabled and Bound to 192.168.1.1:8088
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Enabled URI's:
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/asterisk/httpstatus => Asterisk HTTP General Status
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/asterisk/phoneprov/... => Asterisk HTTP Phone Provisioning Tool
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/asterisk/manager => HTML Manager Event Interface
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/asterisk/rawman => Raw HTTP Manager Event Interface
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/asterisk/static/... => Asterisk HTTP Static Delivery
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/asterisk/mxml => XML Manager Event Interface
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Enabled Redirects:
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None.
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POST mappings:
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None.
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{astlisting}
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There should be a phoneprov URI listed. Next, from the CLI, type "phoneprov show routes"
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and verify that the information there is correct. An example output for Polycom phones
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woud look like:
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\begin{astlisting}
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\begin{verbatim}
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Static routes
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Relative URI Physical location
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sip.ver configs/sip.ver
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sip.ld configs/sip.ld
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bootrom.ver configs/bootrom.ver
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sip.cfg configs/sip.cfg
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bootrom.ld configs/bootrom.ld
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custom.cfg configs/custom.cfg
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Dynamic routes
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Relative URI Template
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deadbeef4dad.cfg 000000000000.cfg
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deadbeef4dad-directory.xml 000000000000-directory.xml
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deadbeef4dad-phone.cfg 000000000000-phone.cfg
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config/deadbeef4dad polycom.xml
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{astlisting}
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With the above examples, the phones would be pointed to
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\url{http://192.168.1.1:8080/asterisk/phoneprov} for pulling config files. Templates
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would all be placed in AST\_DATA\_DIR/phoneprov and static files would be placed in
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AST\_DATA\_DIR/phoneprov/configs. Examples of valid URIs would be:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item http://192.168.1.1:8080/asterisk/phoneprov/sip.cfg
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\item http://192.168.1.1:8080/asterisk/phoneprov/deadbeef4dad.cfg
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\item http://192.168.1.1:8080/asterisk/phoneprov/config/deadbeef4dad
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\end{itemize}
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